230 



cipal fertiliziiio- ingi-eclients, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash; 

 their vahie per ton, reckoned at jDrices in New York and Boston; and 

 their total and comparative vahie as fertilizers." Attention is called 

 to the lack of appreciation of the valne of flaxseed for feeding and 

 manure. Of the 16,000 tons of oil-cake made at two large mills in 

 Minnesota, it is stated that -1 per cent is fed in the State, 4 per cent 

 in other Northwestern States, and 92 per cent is shipped to England. 

 By stopping '' the exportation of so much of the fertility of the soil," 

 condensin_g products "• into nuMit, butter, cheese, flour, etc., as near 

 the farm as i^ossible,'' nsing oats, barley, and all the by-products of 

 grain for feed and manure, stopping the w^aste of all manurial sub- 

 stances, and rotating wheat with grass, peas, and other forage crops, 

 Avheat may be grov.n as the princijial money crop of this section. 



Thp: by-products of wheat, W. J\[. Hays, B. S. A., and D. N, 

 Harper, Ph. I), (pp. 1*2-10).^ — The growing demand for the by- 

 products of wheat as food for animals is connnented on and the 

 necessity for care in making a choice among the different products 

 of the mills is urged. Chemical analyses of various by-products of 

 wheat obtained from Minnesota mills are given in tabular form and 

 comi^ared with similar analyses of oats, shorts, bran, and clover ha}'. 

 To avoid confusion the following definitions are given: 



The name screenings has beeu herein used for the waste products cleaned out 

 of wheat, screenings meal for the same when ground: cocldc bran for the bran 

 of small wheat and hulls of weed seeds, after riuming ground screenings through 

 the " reel " and removing the finer floury particles which are jmt into the shorts, 

 and here called ffour of screenings. The tables show that the composition of an 

 average sample of screenings differs but little from that of oats, and practical 

 experience indicates that good average screenings have nearly an equal feeding 

 value for manj' purposes. The flour of screenings is sliown to have consider- 

 able less of protein than shorts, and thei'efore adding it to the shorts slightl.v 

 decreases the value of the shorts for mixing with coarse, rough fodders which 

 need to be supi>lemented with feeds es]iecially rich in protein. Even the better 

 grades of cockle bran, owing to a large proportion of wheat bran contained, 

 have a value approaching that of liay. These products should all be fed in the 

 coxnitry producing the wheat, because of their value in feeding anin:als and for 

 fertilizing the land. 



The Rocky Mountain locust in Otter Tail County, Minn., in 

 1S89, O. Lugger, Ph. D. (pp. 17-80). — This is an account of an exten- 

 sive experiment in the spring of 18S9 by the entomologist of the Sta- 

 tion and the cliairman of the county commissioners of Otter Tail 

 County, acting under the authority of the governor of the State, in 

 accordance with the provisions of an act of the legislature. As pre- 

 viousW stated in the annual report of the Station for 1S88. " no 

 locusts had issued in that year from eggs in fields plowed after such 

 eggs had been dej)osited.'' To make quite sure of the correctness of 

 this observation, numerous plowed fields were investigated very closely 

 in the spring of 1889, l)ut in no case could a single egg-mass be found 

 near the surface, and subsequent observations showed that no locusts 



