2(33 



ties. It Avas observed that samples from the phits with nitrate and 

 Avith farm manure Avere much more solid and had less seeds than those 

 from the umnannred plat, or from that treated Avith i)otash and phos- 

 phoric acid Avithout nitrate. The percentage of ash seems to haA^e 

 been considerably influenced by the use of nitrate, A'arying AAdth the 

 method of application. Tables are <rixen of analyses of samples 

 from each plat, of calculated amounts ]ier acre of ash, nitrogen, 

 phosphoric acid, and potash removed by the crop, as compared Avith 

 other staple crops. 



BILLETIX No. 64, DECEMBER ?,\, 1SS9. 



Some fungous diseases or the ckanberry, B. D. Halsted, D. Sc. 

 (pp. 8-40). (illustrated). 



Cranberry (jail fdiic/xs (pp. 4-16). — An account of obserA'ations on 

 a gall fungus found on cranberry and other plants in the Marian Bog 

 n.ear BroAvns Mill, Burlington County, N. J. The structure of gall is 

 described and illustrated. The conclusions are, in substance, as folloAvs : 



The fungus {Sijnclii/tr'oim iHterlnii, Thomas), sometimes called 

 '* red rust." infests certain cells in the leaf, stem, floAver, or friyt, 

 and causes abnormal outgroAvths from the surface and finally ruins 

 the crop. It is probably at present confined to a single cranberry 

 bog, but may easily spread elscAvhere. ScA^eral other shore plants 

 belonging to the same family Avith the cranberry are also attacked, 

 but only such of these as are bathed by Avater from the bog become 

 infested. The disease is carried in the Avater by the floods of spring 

 and is not readily transmitted through the air, but ma}' be spread 

 by birds and other animals, and by Avinds drifting the dead leaA^es 

 of infested plants, like those of the huckleberry and azalea, over the 

 snoAv crust in AA'inter. Withholding the Avater from the bog during 

 the Avinter and spring may subdue the fungus, but it Avould probably 

 be a quicker and even cheaper AA'ay to burn the infested plants, includ- 

 ing the infested shrubs along the borders and elseAvhere. 



Cranho'r;/ scald (pp. 10-40). — This includes a condensation of 

 the reported experiences of some seventy leading cranberry groA\'ers 

 in different States, together Avith the results of a microscopic examina- 

 tion of this disease. From the ansAvers to a special bulletin of 

 inquir3\ Avhich are tal)ulate(l and conmiented on, it appears that " the 

 cranberry scald is confined for the most part to Xcav Jersey, where 

 it causes the loss of al)()ut one-third of the crop: it has been known 

 for many years, and is nmch Avorse upon some bogs than others: the 

 amount upon the same bog varies Avith the season, and is greater 

 Avhen moist, warm Aveather prevails. No application of lime, cop- 

 peras, or other like substance proAed an effectiAc remedy, but in sev- 

 eral cases sanding the bog or loAvering the water lessened the scald." 

 The microscopical examinations, Avhich are described Avith illustra- 

 tions, shoAved that " the trouble is primarily due to a minute fungus, 



