316 



and meal on a large scale have been made within four or five years." 

 Thousands of cattle are now fed on these materials in the vicinity of 

 the oil-manufacturing centers. " The hulls consist of fragments of 

 seed-coats one-sixteenth to one-fourth inch in diameter, of dark 

 brown color, very tough and leathery, and entangled in a mass of 

 cotton fibers, which still adhere to the outside of the hulls and which 

 the ginning process fails to entirely remove. It is apparently the 

 driest and' most tasteless form of animal food which could be found. 

 In spite of this, it is said that animals which have never seen the 

 hulls or meal before soon acquire an eager appetite for them, and 

 after a few days prefer such a diet to one composed of hay and corn. 

 Probably this is due to the meal rather than the hulls, which, as 

 already noted, are well-nigh tasteless." 



The chemical analyses shoAv that the hulls contain a large excess of 

 non-nitrogenous matter, while in the meal there is an equally large 

 excess of protein : therefore when combined, the hulls and meal make 

 a much better ration for stock than does either used alone. 



The manure obtained from this method of feeding is quite rich in 

 nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash. " Gardeners and planters in 

 the vicinity of the stock yards are loud in their praise of its value. 



" Our investigations seem to justify the following conclusions: 



'"(l) The practice of feeding cotton-seed hulls and meal as an ex- 

 clusive diet is well established and increasing in the vicinity of the 

 centers of the cotton-seed oil industry. All the information avail- 

 able indicates that the practice is economical and profitable. 



"'{;2) It seems in no way harmful to the health of the aninuil nor 

 to the healthfulness of the products (beef and milk) resulting. 



"(3) The diet seems adapted both to the production of beef and 

 mutton as well as milk. 



" (4) The average ration should consist of 25 to 35 pounds of hulls 

 and 5 to 8 pounds of meal daily. 



"(5) The hulls are a cheap and effective substitute for hay. 



"(6) The manure produced by this system of feeding is an impor- 

 tant factor in considering its profitableness.-' 



BULLETIN Vol. H, No. 4, OCTOBER, 1889. 



Grasses of mountain mkadows and deer parks, F. L. Scribner, 

 B. S. (pp. 59-67). — "The high nutritive value of the pasturage on 

 -the elevated meadows along the slopes of the mountains of Eastern 

 Tennessee and Western North Carolina is well attested by the fat 

 and sleek appearance of the thousands of horses, cattle, and sheep 

 which range over these meadows from May to October." Similar 

 conditions exist in the mountain meadows among the Rocky Moun- 

 tains (where such meadows are called " deer parks ") and the Alps. 



In July, 1889, the author visited Roan Mountain, situated on the 

 border line between Tennessee- and North Carolina, and found on or 



