28U 



the leachings Avere caught beloAv in a pail." xVnalyses of the leach- 

 iiigs and of the manure at the close of the experiment showed a loss 

 of 3.2 per cent of nitrogen, 4.7 per cent of phosphoric acid, and 35 

 per cent of potash. Reckoning the value of a ton of the mixed 

 manure at $2.38, the loss b}' leaching in this experiment was 22 cents 

 per ton, or 9.2 per cent. 



(3) Two samples of manure like that used in the experiment just 

 referred to, when spread out thinly in iron pans and dried out of 

 doors (exposed to the sun and air but protected from rain), showed 

 no appreciable loss of fertilizing constituents. 



The following summary is taken from the bulletin : " The results 

 of one season's trial seems to show that horse manure thrown in a 

 loose pile and subjected to the action of the elements will lose nearly 

 one-half of its valuable fertilizing constituents in the course of six 

 months; that mixed horse and cow^ manure in a compact mass and 

 so placed that all water falling upon it quickly runs through and off 

 is subjected to a considerable, though not so great a loss, and that no 

 appreciable loss takes place Avhen manure simply dries." 



Eeference is also made to similar experiments at the Kansas Station 

 from which the following conclusion w^as drawn : " The moral which 

 the experiment plainly emphasizes is, that farm-yard manures must 

 be hauled to the field in the spring; otherwise the loss of manure is 

 sure to be very great, the waste in the course of six months amounting 

 to fully one-half the gross manure and nearly 40 per cent of the 

 nitrogen that it contained." Engi-avings from photographs of the 

 covered yard of the University barn and of two ordinary uncovered 

 barn-yards, as they exist in New York, serve to illustrate the need of 

 greater carefulness in the preservation of manure. "Attention is 

 particularly directed to the watery, miry condition of the uncovered 

 yards and to the heaps of manure under the eaves." 



On the effect of a grain katiox for coavs at pasture, I. P. 

 Roberts, M. Agr., and H. H. Wing, B. Agr. (pp. 161-167).—" It is 

 generally recommended that cows at pasture in the summer should 

 have a supplementary grain ration, and a large number of the more 

 progressive farmers pursue this i^ractice with an evident belief that 

 it is profitable. In the absence of data as to the value of this practice 

 it was deemed Avorth Avhile to conduct as carefully as might be a 

 somewhat extended experiment, intended to afford, if possible, some 

 light on the point in question." 



For this purpose six cows Avere used in " Iavo lots mated in pairs as 

 nearly alike as AA^as possible in age, breeding, time since cah^ng, yield 

 of milk, and time to next calving." " Lot 1 received only the grass in 

 the pasture. Lot 2 receiA^ed besides the pasture a grain ration of tw^o 

 pounds of cotton-seed meal and Iavo pounds of AAlieat bran per cow per 

 day, fed in Iavo equal feeds morning and night." 



The period of feeding extended fifteen weeks (from June 8 to Sep- 

 tember 21, 1889). The results are recorded in tabular form, includ- 



