112 



PRIMARY PROCESSES 



^2 



0.5 



1.0 



1.5 



2.0 



2.5 



3.0 



£n 



Mev 



Fig. 2. Fraction of total energy of protons penetrating water which is lost in ejecting 

 K electrons of oxygen, and in "violent" nuclear coUisions. 



80 



60 



40 



20 



0.5 



1.0 



1.5 



2.0 



2.5 



3.0 



' proton 



Mev 



Fig. 3. Total number of K electrons ejected from oxygen atoms, and of "violent" 

 nuclear collisions, for protons penetrating water. 



