PENTANDRI A— MONOGYNI A. Viola. 303 



very pale blue, with purple streaks j or white, in (3, with redder 

 lines ; the spiti- very short, and rounded, ^nth. orange-coloured, 

 bordered, distinct. Stigma hollow, tumid at the upper side. 



4. V. cani/ia. Dog's Violet. 



Stem at length ascending, channelled. Leaves oblong- 

 heart-shaped. Calyx acute. Stipulas serrated. Bracteas 

 awl-shaped, entire. 



V. canina. Linn. Sp.Pl. 1324. mild.v. 1.1164. Fl. Br. 246. EmrJ. 



Bot. V. 9. t. G20. Curt. Lond.fasc. 2. ^ Gl . Hook. Scot. 77. FL 



Dan. t. 14."J3. 

 V. n. 5G3. Hall. Hist. V. 1.242. 

 V. n. 5 02. Hall. NomencL52. 

 V. martia inodora sylvestris. Rail Syn. 364. 

 v. inodora major. Riv. Pentap. Irr. t. 119./. 4. 

 V. canina sylvestris. Ger. Em. 851./. 



/3. V. canina, flore albo. Merr. Pin. 125. Dill, in Raii %??. 3G4. 

 y. V. alpina. Hiids. ed. 1. 379. 

 \', martia alpina, folio tenello circinato. Raii Sijn. 3G6. 



In groves, thickets, hedges, and heathy ground, the most common 

 species. 



Perennial. April — August, 



Root rather woody. Stem at first none, or very sliovt, but soon 

 rising to several inches in height, rather obliquely, being leafy, 

 angular, and smooth. Leaves heart-shaped, more or less elon- 

 gated into a point, nearly smooth, crenate. Footstalks slightly 

 dilated upwards. Stipulas rather deeply toothed, or fringed. 

 Flower-stalks square, erect ; the earliest ones radical ; the rest 

 axillary, solitary. Bracteas towards the upper ])art, narrow, en- 

 tire. Fl. nodding, inodorous, blue, m\\.\\ purple lines in the 

 mouth, and a greenish white, abrupt spur ; they are far less 

 handsome than V. odorata, more resembling V. hirta. Calyx- 

 leaves linear-lanceolate. Antli. orange-ti])ped, scarcely coher- 

 ing. Caps, oblong ; its valves compressed. 



Tlie white variety is not frequent. The alpine one, y, is a very 

 uncertain plant, of which I know nothing but from the authors 

 quoted. 



5. V. lactea. Cream-coloured Violet. 



Stem ascending, round. Leaves ovate-lanceolate. Stipulas 

 jagged. Bracteas lanceolate, somewhat serrated. 



V. lactea. Fl. Br. 247. R. Cijcl. n. 27. Engl. But. v. 7. t.445. 



Hook. Scot. 77. Sym. St/h. 61. Ait. //. Keiv. ed.2. v. 2. 46. Forst. 



Tonhr. 29. 

 V. canina var. 3. With. 262. 

 V. Huppii. AlUon. Pedem. p. 2. 99. /. 2G./ 6. 



