!268 PENTANDRIA— MONOGYNIA. Ecbium. 



roinKiisb, incumbent. Germ. 4, rounded. Style decHning, 

 tbe lengtli of tbe stamens, often Jiairy. Stigma deeply 

 cloven, acute. Seeds 4, ivrinkled /jr rougb, obliquely 

 pointed, attacbed to tbe base of tbe hardened, sligbtly 

 enlarged, calyx. 

 Herbaceous or sbrubby, eitber bristly, or merely warty; in 

 some instances hairy, or silky. Leaves oblong. Spikes 

 in pairs, many-flowered ; either terminal and solitary, or 

 lateral and collected into long leafy clusters. Corolla blue, 

 red, or white ; generally large and handsome. 



1. E. vulgare. Common Viper's -bu gloss. 



Stem bristly and warty. Stem-leaves lanceolate, bristly, 

 single-ribbed. Spikes lateral, deflexed, hairy. 



E. vulgare. Linn. Sp. Pl.200. Willd.v. 1. 787. FL Br. 222. Engl. 



Bot. V. 3. ^.181. Mart. Rust. t. 136. Hook. Scot. 70. FL Dan. 



t. 445. Bail Sijn. 227. Ger. Em. 802./. Bauh. Pin. 254. Clus. 



Hist. V. 2. 143./. Ehrh. PL Of. 392. 

 Echium. Riv. Monop. Irr. t. 7. Matth. Valgr. v. 2. 345./. Gamer. 



EpiL 737./ 

 E. n. 603. HalL Hist. v. 1. 268. 

 E. sive Buglossum sylvestre. Lob. Tc. 570. f. . 

 Buglossa sylvestris. Brunf. Herb. v. 1. 111./ 

 ^.Huds.Sd,. FL Br. 222. 

 E. alterum, sive Lycopsis anglica. 3Ierr. Pin. 35. DilLin Rail 



Sijn. 228. 

 E. violaceura. With. 233 ? possibly of Lin nee us. 

 Echii altera species. Dod. Pempt. 631,/ 

 Lycopsis. Raii Sijn. 227. 

 L. altera anglica. Lob. Ic. 579. f. 

 L. anglica, Ger. Em. 802./ 



In fields and waste ground, especially on a sandy or gravelly soil j 

 as vv-ell as on old walls,, and rubbish. 



Biennial. June, July. 



Whole herb very rough with prickly bristles arising from callous 

 points, intermixed with smaller hairs. Stems one or more, 1 

 to 2 feet high, erect or spreading, simple, round, leafy. Leaves 

 alternate, lanceolate, single-ribbed, entire, dull green, tapering 

 at the base ; the lowest stalked. Clusters terminal, leafy, com- 

 posed of numerous, axillaiy, stalked pairs of dense, -reflexed^ 

 hairy spikes^ each of numerous, crowded, large, hcciutifuX Jlowers ; 

 pink in the bud, then blue or purple, occasionally white. As 

 the seeds ripen, each spike becomes a spreading lax cluster, like 

 the figures indicated under our variety 3, all which seem to re- 

 ])resent either the E. vulgare at an advanced period, or in a 

 dwarf and starved state. Yet some of these figures having been 



