THE GENUS CAREX IN CALIFORNIA 53 



Oregon. Forms a large part of the "shorthair meadows" in the Sierra Nevada and 

 is said to be readily eaten by stock. 



Locs.: Echo Lake, El Dorado Co., Brainerd 111; Yos.omite, Dudley, Jepson 4403, Abrams 4600; 

 Little Yosemite, Jepson 4396; Tuolumne Soda Spgs., Brewer 1697; Mono Pass, Brewer 1733; Black 

 Mt., Fresno Co., Hall A- Chandler 616; Ebbetts Pass, Brewer 2029; Big Trees, Hillebrand 2318; 

 Mt. Lyell, Hall & Babcock 3581; Harrison Pass, Jepson 5035; Kings River, Lemmon; Mineral King, 

 Coville & Funston 1505; Bear Valley, San Bernardino Mts., Parish 1784; Bierstadt Peak, Davy 

 3208, 3214, 3219; Kaweah Meadow, Dudley 935a, 2214; Kettle Mt., Fresno Co., Dudley; Grant 

 National Park, Dudley 1858; Mountain Lake, Tulare Co., Dudley 935; Emigrant Gap, M. E. 

 Jones 2908; White Mts , /< pson 7365; Stanislaus Forest. Tuolumne Co., Eggleston 9323; Dana Fork, 

 Tuolumne River, Jepson 325S; Tallac, El Dorado Co., Dudley; Truckee, Placer Co., Dudley. 



Refs.: Carex exserta Mackenzie, Bull. Torr. Club 42: 620 (1915). C. filifolia Nutt. var. 

 erostrata Kuk. in Engler. Pflzr. 4 = o : 86 (1909), same type. "C. filifolia Nutt." W. Boott in S. 

 Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 229 (1880), Parish in Bull. S. Cal. Acad. 4: 114 (1905). 



XVII. Scirpin.e Tuckerm. Rootstocks creeping. Culms leafy below. Leaf-blades 

 narrow. Spikes usually 1, linear, staminate or pistillate, many-flowered, 

 occasionally with an additional spike, and normally with an empty scarcely 

 sheathing squamiform bract a short distance below the spike. Perigynia triangu- 

 lar or flattened-triangular, membranaceous, 2-keeled, pubescent or puberulent, 

 tapering at the base, constricted at the apex into the short cylindric entire or 

 bidentulate beak. Achenes triangular with flat sides, sessile, apiculate. Style 

 slender, straight, obscurely jointed with achene, but less indurated in texture 

 and at length deciduous. Stigmas 3, short. 



63. C. gigas Mackenzie. Rootstocks densely matted, stout, the culms 

 phyllopodic, 3-4.5 dm. high, roughened above, reddened and somewhat filamentose 

 at base; leaves 5-10, the blades flat, 2.5 mm. wide; staminate spike not seen; pistil- 

 late spike 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, with a scale-like bract at base and 1-3 

 cm. below a short-sheathing elongated bract, often with a smaller peduncled spike 

 in its axil; scales oblong-ovate, glabrous, brownish with lighter midvein and hyaline 

 margin, covering perigynia; perigynia numerous, black, 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 

 the body oval, flatfish, rounded at base and apex, minutely puberulent above and 

 pubescent on the angles, abruptly beaked, the beak 0.5 mm. long, bidentate. 



Known only from Siskiyou Co., California. 



Locs.: Siskiyou Co., 8000 feet, Pringle Aug. IS, 1881 (type); Grizzly Hill, Siskiyou Co., 6800 

 feet, Leiberg 5104, July 12, 1900. 



Refs.: Carex gigas Mackenzie, Bull. Torr. Club 35: 268 (1908). C. scirpoidea Michx. var. 

 gigas Holm, Am. Jour. Sci. (4) 18: 20, f. 8 (1904); Kuk. in Engler, Pflzr. 420; 81 (1909). 



XVIII. Montana Fries. Culms slender, leafy at the base. Leaf-blades narrow, 

 rough above. Terminal spike linear, normally staminate. Lateral spikes 1-5, 

 small, pistillate or sometimes androgynous, subglobose to oblong, closely 

 few to many-flowered, approximate and sessile or short-peduncled, or in some 

 species radical and long-peduncled. Lowest bract squamiform or leaflet-like, 

 sheathless or sub-sheathing. Scales often reddish-brown tinged, acute to 

 cuspidate. Perigynia msmbranaceous, ascending, the body pubescent at least 

 at base of beak, obovoid to elliptic, triangular or round-triangular in cross- 

 section, 2-keeled. strongly stipitate at base, abruptly contracted into a cylindric 

 emarginate to deeply bidentate hyaline-tipped beak. Achenes normally tri- 

 angular, the sides convex, closely enveloped, short apiculate. Style short, 

 thickish, jointed with ach?n3, dsciduous. Stigmas normally 3, long. 



