THE GENUS CAREX IN CALIFORNIA 39 



insertion of blade and very fragile; head 2.5-7.5 cm. long, the spikes 7-15, greenish, 

 aggregated or the lower slightly separate, short oblong or obovoid, 8-12 mm. long, 5- 

 7 mm. wide, rounded or short-clavate at base, rounded at apex, the 15-30 perigynia 

 appressed or ascending in age; bracts inconspicuous; scales lance-ovate, greenish 

 with hyaline margins, acuminate or short-cuspidate, shorter than the perigynia; 

 perigynia lance-ovate, thickish over achene, 3-4.5 mm. long, greenish, strongly 

 nerved ventrally, round-tapering to a stipitate base, narrowly margined, serrulate 

 above, tapering into the serrulate bidentate beak about length of perigynium body. 



Type Locality: Mt. Shasta, California (Pringle), Aug. 23, 1881 (sheet 

 817810 U. S. Nat. Herb.). 



Washington and Oregon, south to northern California, and throughout the 

 Sierra Nevada and in the southern mountains. 



Locs.: Mariposa Grove, Bolander 4975; Big Tree Grove, Dudley; Meisners Ranch and Slip- 

 pery Ford, El Dorado Co., Brainerd; Yosemite, Torrey, Jepson 4333, Hall & Babcock 3409, Congdon, 

 Geo. B. Grant 4206, Abrams 4400; North Fork San Joaquin, Madera Co., Congdon; Pine Ridge, Fresno 

 Co., Hall & Chandler 340; San Bernardino Mts., Parish 169, 2530, 6316, Abrams 2767; San Jacinto 

 Mts., Hall 2665, Hasse; Strawberry Peak, Abrams 1967; Seven Oaks, San Bernardino Co., Geo..B. 

 Grant 4074; Jonesville, Butte Co., Hall 9786; Mt. Wilson, Los Angeles Co., Grant 6692 (in part); 

 San Bernardino Co., Grant, Parish 1698; Mt. Sanhedrin, Lake Co., Heller 5952; Mt. Shasta, Pringle, 

 Goldsmith 38; Cow Creek, Tuolumne Co., Jepson 6520; Black Fox Mts., Siskiyou Co., Dudley; Dry 

 Creek, Tulare Co., Dudley 1371; Soda Spgs., Tulare Co., Dudley 2342; Lloyd Mt., Tulare Co., Dudley 

 837; Deer Creek, Tulare Co., Dudley 65(3; Kern River, Dudley; Sissons, Brainerd 189; Little Yosemite, 

 Jepson 3160, 4403; Pitt River, Shasta Co., H. E. Brown 286 (in part); Big Trees, Calaveras Co., 

 Hillebrand 2317 (in part); Summit Camp, Kellogg; Kings River, Fresno Co., Dudley 3263. 



Refs.: Carex fracta Mackenzie. C. specifica Bailey, Mem. Torr. Club 1: 21 (1889), in 

 small part; Parish, Bull. S. Cal. Acad. 5: 50 (1906); Mackenzie in Bull. Torr. Club 43: 602 (1917). 

 "Carex adusta Boott" W. Boott in S. Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 238 (1880), in greater part. C. scoparia var. 

 fulva W. Boott, 1. c. 237, in small part. C. specifica Bailey f. brevifructus Kiik. in Engler, Pflzr. 4 20 : 

 199 (1909), type from Mt. Adams, Washington, Suksdorf 3099.. 



32. C. straminiformis Bailey. Densely cespitose, the culms 2.5-4 dm. high, 

 firm but slender, slightly roughened beneath head; leaf -blades 2-3 mm. wide; head 

 1.5-2.5 cm. long, containing 3-6 closely aggregated suborbicular spikes 6-9 mm. long 

 and nearly as wide with many spreading-ascending perigynia; scales ovate-lance- 

 olate, acute, reddish-brown with lighter midvein and hyaline margins; perigynia 

 broadly ovate, 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, serrulate to middle, strongly winged to the 

 rounded base, lightly nerved dorsally, nerveless or nearly so ventrally, abruptly 

 beaked, the beak flat, bidentate, }/$ length of body. 



Type Locality: Mt. Shasta, California (Brewer). 



High mountain summits in the Sierra Nevada from Tulare Co. north to 

 Mt. Shasta; also on the higher peaks of Oregon and Washington. 



Locs.: Mt. Shasta, Brewer 1397, 1399, Geo. B. Grant 5129, 5116, Pringle, Copeland 3893; 

 Carson Pass, Brewer 2125; Lassen Peak, Brewer 2184; Carys Peak, Alpine Co., Brewer 2125; Pyramid 

 Peak, El Dorado Co., Brewer 2139, 2143; Ebbetts Pass, Brewer 1986, 2083; Silver Mt., Brewer 2045; 

 Mt. Tallac, Hall & Chandler 4617; Meisners Ranch, El Dorado Co., Brainerd; Pyramid Peak, El 

 Dorado Co., Hall & Chandler 4742; Lake Tahoe, McGregor 103; Lake Tenaya, Congdon; Alta Meadows, 

 Tulare Co., Geo. B. Grant; Sonora Pass, A. L. Grant 353, Jepson 6578; Mineral King, Dudley 1599; 

 Farewell Gap, Dudley 1126; Kaweah region, Dudley 1257, 1705; Mineral King, Coville & Funston 1500; 

 Cottonwood Lakes near Mt. Whitney, Jepson 5067; Webber Lake, Leiberg 5242; Mt. Buena Vista, 

 Mariposa Co., Congdon; upper San Joaquin, Madera Co., Congdon; Stanislaus Forest, Alpine Co., 

 Eggleston 9619; upper Bear Creek, Tulare Co., Dudley 2892. 



Refs.: Carex straminiformis Bailey, Mem. Torr. Club 1: 24 (1889); Kiik. in Engler, Pflzr. 

 420 : 195 (1909). C. straminea Willd. var. congesta Boott, ex Olney, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 393 (1868), 

 same type; W. Boott in S. Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 235 (1880). Carex straminea Willd. var. congesta Boott, 

 which was published by Olney with the description "spica congesta, squamis castaneis," seems to 

 have included two species, the one here described and Carex pachycarpa Mackenzie. Four specimens 

 of Brewer cited in numerical order are referred to, of which nos. 1375 and 1398 are C. pachycarpa 

 and nos. 1397 and 1399 the present species. The specimens referred to by Bailey in his description 

 of Carex straminiformis are those distributed by Olney in his Exsiccatce (no. 20). These specimens 

 represent the present species, and are to be taken as its type. Unfortunately Olney in making his 

 distribution used a consolidated form of label and it is impossible to tell from it who collected the 

 particular specimen. One can only infer that it is one of Brewer's. 



