110 THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 



Damask Roses make [handsome standards and fine free bushes 

 on their own roots. In pruning, remove by a clean cut to the very 

 base a few of the oldest shoots, but not to the impoverishing of the 

 tree. The young vigorous shoots should be shortened to two-thirds 

 their original length, and the smaller twiggy growth be well thinned 

 out. 



G-allica or French Roses have a compact, upright growth, 

 and consequently do not make handsome standards. They require 

 rather close pruning, the strongest shoots to have seven or eight 

 buds left, the weaker shoots only two or three, and the small wiry 

 wood should be cut clean away. 



Alba or White Roses constitute a peculiar class with green 

 shoots, light glossy foliage, and white flesh or pink-coloured 

 flowers. These are among the very best of roses to be grown in the 

 form of bushes without any pruning at all. The proper way to 

 prune them is to cut back to about half its length every strong 

 young shoot, and to within two or three buds of the base all the 

 weaker shoots. The wiry wood must be removed entirely. 



Hybrid China Roses require careful pruniug, or they will not 

 produce their flowers profusely. One important duty of the culti- 

 vator is to promote renewal constantly by cutting out a few of the 

 oldest of the long rods to make room for younger rods that will 

 take their place. The finest show of flowers will be secured by 

 leaving a few of the longest shoots altogether unpruned ; but, as 

 tidiness of appearance is an object, the shoots may all be slightly 

 shortened, and they must be thinned out where crowded. Indis- 

 criminate hacking and cutting will simply ruin these roses, therefore 

 they are not to be pruned without a little first consideration of 

 their habit. 



Hybrid Bourbon Roses, of vigorous habit, should not be 

 severely pruned, but those of close-growing habit should be cut in 

 rather close, leaving an average of half a dozen buds on each shoot. 

 All the wiry spurs that produced flowers last season should now be 

 cut clean away. 



Austrian Brier Roses require careful pruning, the strong 

 shoots to be only slightly shortened, and the wiry twigs to be left 

 untouched, except they happen to be crowded ; in which case they 

 must be thinned. 



Scotch Roses do not require pruning at all, except to keep them 

 in some sort of order, and, as a rule, they are most enjoyable when 

 allowed to run riot in the utmost disorder. 



Ayrshire Roses ought never to be pruned except to regulate 

 their general outlines, and admit light and air amongst their branches. 



Multielora Roses should never be pruned, except to keep 

 them in order, and occasionally renew them by substituting new 

 shoots for old ones. 



Evergreen Roses should never be severely pruned, except to 

 promote renewal, and keep them in proper order. 



Boursault Roses scarcely require pruning, but they must be 

 kept in order, and from time to time the oldest shoots should be cut 

 clean out. 



