74 



THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 



to be about three feet in height, and they should be arched to 

 enable the roots of the vines to extend to the outside border. 



Heating must now engage our attention. The early houses must 

 be heated efficiently, and lean-to houses like Figs. 1 and 2, twelve 

 feet wide, and the same in height, ought to have not less than six 

 rows of four-inch pipes, four rows along the front where the two 

 are shown, and two next the wall at the back. Second early houses 

 should have not less than four rows, and all others two. There will 

 be no harm in having more pipes than here advised, because they 

 will not require to be made so hot to maintain the desired temperature. 

 It will be false economy to fix less pipes than here advised, as a 

 stronger fire will be required to maintain the desired temperature, 

 and the heat will not be so congenial. Span-roof houses, double 

 the width of lean-to's, will require rather more than double the 

 quantity of piping, because they are more exposed to the north and 

 easterly winds. The pipes should be supported on pillars of brick- 

 work that rest upon the concrete at the bottom of the border, or when 

 the border sinks they will become displaced, the joints leak, and the 

 rapid circulation of the water be impeded. During the erection of the 

 houses active preparation of the materials for making the vine 

 border should be going on. Where the border is to be entirely below 

 the surface, the soil must be taken out to a depth of four feet, and 

 the foundation of the walls should be rather below that, so that they 

 are not interfered with in making the border. The bottom of the 

 borders should be perfectly hard and unbroken, and for span-roof 

 houses slope in the manner shown in Fig. 4, with drains at D, D, D, 



Fig. 4. — Section of Span-roof Vinery (to show slope of border). 



to carry off the water quickly ; but the borders of lean-to houses 

 should have a uniform slope from the back wall to the other side of 

 the border, at the rate of half an inch to the foot. Inside the house, 

 the surface of the borders must be perfectly level, for with the slopes 

 shown in the illustrations it would be a work of difficulty, if not 

 impossible, to water them properly. The water would run off as 

 fast as it was poured on, and a very small quantity indeed would 

 soak into the soil. If from any cause it is considered desirable to 

 elevate the surface of the inside border above the level of the path, 



