THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 301 



the ash, Fraxlnus e:ccelsior ; the Venetian sumach, Rhus cotinus ; the 

 elegant Maidenhair tree,* SaUsbitrid adiantifolia ; and the Kolreu- 

 teria, K. paniculata, which give several shades of amber, yellow, and 

 orange, as their leaves decay. 



These are but a few wliich might be enumerated ; but they are 

 such as occur to us as we look out of our study window, and note 

 the beauty of the autumn colours, and call to mind some of the 

 woodland scenes amid which we have been rusticating of late. But 

 in looking at gardens, and thinking of forest trees, the idea occurs to 

 us that amateur gardeners are deterred from planting ornamental 

 trees in quantity because of the great size they usually attain, and 

 the many years that must elapse ere they acquire their true charac- 

 ters. But there is a way of turning to account in a garden or shrub- 

 bery any deciduous tree, however gigantic its habit of growth, pro- 

 vided its foliage or flowers are such as would render it an attractive 

 object, if it could be kept in a comparatively small state. This is 

 easily done, not by lopping and pruning in the ordinary way, which 

 makes many trees so ugly that it is a pain to behold them, but by 

 compelling them to grow bush-fashion. Suppose a border in which 

 flowers rarely come to perfection, it would be strange if forest trees 

 would not thrive there. Plant a lot of planes, maples, sumachs, 

 oaks, beeches, and other of the subjects enumerated above ; let them 

 grow as they please one season, to get their roots established, and 

 the next winter cut them all down to within three feet of the ground, 

 or cut only such as have run up in a spare manner, and leave sumachs 

 and other dwarf and shrubby subjects untouched. The next spring 

 the stumps will throw up a number of strong shoots, and produce 

 leaves of an enormous size ; and if the selecting and grouping are 

 skilfully done, the efiect will far surpass any ordinary shrubbery 

 scenes. When we advise the amateur to plant trees and shrubs 

 that may contribute to prolong the attractions of the garden beyond 

 the season of summer flowers, we mean that they are to be planted 

 properly. It would be unfair to speak in these terms were it not 

 lamentably a fact that a large proportion of the trees supplied from 

 the nurseries are simply stuck in holes by the purchasers, and, in a 

 proper horticultural sense, are not planted at all. If trees are 

 planted on the hypothesis that they will live, and beautify the spot 

 they occupy, the ground ought to be first deeply trenched, well 

 manured, if at all poor through frequent cropping, and the trees 

 should be planted when the soil is comparatively dry, and the roots 

 carefully spread out, and covered with dry, crumbly soil. Trees 

 planted to be cut down in order to produce rich screens of foliage, 

 should be liberally manured, and after the autumn pruning the 

 ground should be mulched with rotten manure. A flue frontage to 

 a dwarf plantation may be made by planting such things as Rihessan- 

 guineum^ Spirea prunifolia, Fersian Lilacs, Laburnums, Weigelias, 

 ForsytldaSy and intermixing with them a few hardy herbaceous 

 plants. S. H. 



* There is a fine Bpecimen of Salisburia, the finest; perhaps, near London, in 

 the nursery of Me-srs. Cutbush, of Highgate. 



