242 THE FLOEIST AND POMOLOGIST. [ November 



the whole should be cleared away, and the ground dug over and planted 

 with hardy bulbs or spring-flowering plants, as directed last month. Tulips and 

 other bulbs not already planted should be got into the ground before the 

 end of the month. Dahlia roots should be carefully lifted, dried, and stored 

 away in a dry place. All the hardy Eoses may be planted, and they should 

 afterwards have a good mulching of rotten dung. This is the best season for 

 planting Stocks for budding next year. The roots of Tea Eoses, Fuchsias, Salvia 

 patens, and other half-hardy plants, should be mulched with rotten leaves, tan, 

 or dung. 



To keep tender plants in health in houses, pits, and frames, particular and 

 steady attention is necessary during this and the succeeding winter months. 

 When plants are exposed during summer to the action of the open air and the 

 variations of temperature, and on the approach of autumn are brought into the 

 greenhouse or pit, the change from the out-door to the in-door atmosphere would 

 injure them, were not the temperature modified and kept as nearly as circum- 

 stances will admit like that of the external air. Great care is therefore necessary 

 to preserve plants in health through the winter, particularly for the first few 

 weeks after they are housed. It sometimes happens that when plants that have 

 completed their growth in the open air are housed, they commence a new 

 growth, as if it were spring — to their great detriment, when the proper growing 

 season arrives ; this is all owing to bad management. The same thing happens 

 with plants in pits and frames. I would therefore urge on amateurs the necessity 

 of well attending to the following hints : — To give air in abundance, both at the 

 back and front of the houses and pits, when the weather is mild and favourable ; 

 to heat the hot-water pipes a little during the day, when the ventilators are open, 

 in order to dry up the damp, in heavy, dull weather — this should not be done 

 at night when the houses are closed, as is too frequently the case ; and to water 

 only when absolutely necessary, and then not with a rose, but individually with 

 a small spouted pot, taking care to wet the stages or floor of the house as little 

 as possible. The watering should be done in the morning. Plants in pits and 

 frames must not be left exposed in rainy weather at this season, but every 

 opportunity should be taken to give a plentiful supply of air when the weather 

 is mild and fine. 



Soft-wooded plants of all kinds should be frequently looked over, and all 

 decaying leaves should be removed. Hard-wooded plants should have air when- 

 ever the weather will permit. 



If frost should occur, attention must be paid to the protection of Vegetables 

 in the Kitchen Garden. Cauliflowers in head should be taken up, and laid in by 

 the heels in dry soil, protected from wet. Globe Artichokes should have a good 

 coating of dung around the roots. Celery should be earthed up when dry. 

 Every preparation should now be made for winter. It is a common custom to 

 sow Peas and Beans about this time on a warm border, but they are subject to 



