1869.] GREEN'S PATENT HOT-WATER BOILER. 39 



question is, how shall we ascertain what fertilizing elements are appropriate to a 

 particular species ? To this, two replies are rendered : some say, analyze the 

 crop ; others, analyze the soil. Each, I think, maintains a truth, and both together 

 enunciate nearly the whole truth. We need the analysis of the crop, to teach us 

 what its ingredients are ; and that of the soil, to ascertain whether it contains those 

 ingredients, and if it does not, what fertilizers we must add to supply them. 

 Thus by analysis we learn that nearly a quarter-part of the constituents of the 

 pear, the grape, and the strawberry, consists of potash. This abounds in new 

 soils, and peculiarly adapts them to the production of these fruits, but having 

 been extracted from soils long under cultivation, it is supplied by wood ashes, or 

 potash, the manurial value of which has of late greatly increased in the estimation 

 of some cultivators. 



Among the arts of modern cultivation, universal experience attests to the 

 great advantage of mulching the soil around fruit-trees, as a means of fertiliza- 

 tion, and of preservation from the drought and heat bo common with us in mid- 

 summer. Thus experiment has proved that on dry soils, where the earth has 

 been strewn with straw, the crops have without manure been as large as with it, 

 in those cases where evaporation has disengaged the fertilizing elements of the 

 soil. Mulching is of more importance than most people are aware of. Having 

 been engaged during the past three winters in removing some very large trees 

 with a machine, I have experienced the full utility . of mulching material. 

 Amongst those removed last winter were two cedars of Lebanon about 40 ft. 

 high ; these have not looked back in the least, notwithstanding the very hot, 

 dry summer. Indeed, we have not lost one large tree that has been removed 

 with the machine during the past three seasons, and I attribute this success to 

 my having kept them well mulched. 



Osberton. Edwd. Bennett. 



GREEN'S PATENT HOT-WATER BOILER. 



1 E have heard so favourable an account of this new boiler from Mr. Eyles, 

 that we are glad to have the opportunity which Messrs. Green have 

 afforded us, of giving the accompanying representation of it. Mr. Wills 

 also, has been good enough to communicate the remarks which follow : — 

 " The Messrs. Green and Son, of Leeds, have for years been studying to 

 produce, for the purpose of generating steam, a powerful boiler, which could be 

 easily placed in position, and would supply the amount of power required at the 

 lowest possible cost in fuel, labour, &c. Having thoroughly succeeded in this, 

 the idea occurred to them that the same principle would hold good with boilers 

 adapted to the purposes of horticulture, or for heating buildings of any descrip- 

 tion. They accordingly had some made on the same principle, and one of these , 

 sent for trial to the Eoyal Horticultural Society's Gardens, South Kensington, 

 has proved itself to be the most economical boiler in present use. 



