46 THE ELOEAL WOELD AND GAEDEN GUIDE. 



to be occasionally flooded, or that by reason of a low level are always 

 damp. But unless the position is peculiarly favoured, the plants must 

 be taken up and put in frames for the winter, or be protected in the 

 borders by coverings of cocoa-nut fibre or other similar material. The 

 best of the hardy herbaceous kinds are Aquaticus, native of Italy, 

 white flowers. Grandifora, native of Georgia, scarlet. Palustris, 

 native of North America, flowers pink. Rosens, native of Italy, 

 flowers pink. Virginius, native of Virginia, flowers red. Moschatus, 

 native of North America, flowers white and pink. These may all be 

 increased by division and seeds. 



Hardy Shrubs. — There are only two hardy shrubby species. 

 H. Wrayce, native of Swan Eiver, with purple flowers in October, is 

 scarceiy hardy enough to be recommended for general use; but in the 

 south and west of England it will be found well worth adding to a col- 

 lection of choice shrubs, and should be planted in the sunniest position 

 that can be found for it. H. Syriaceus is the well-known Alihcea frutex 

 of the catalogues, and one of the handsomest hardy shrubs we possess. 

 This will grow in any soil, and requires to be freely exposed in order 

 to ripen its annual growths thoroughly, in which case it flowers most 

 abundantly in autumn, and is a truly superb ornament of the shrub- 

 bery. Ihere are at least a dozen varieties, all showy, and of precisely 

 the same habit of growth, but differing in the colours of their flowers. 

 The original species has purple flowers ; the variety albus has white 

 flowers ; alius plants, double white ; marginatus, purple and white ; 

 purpureas, purple; purpureus plenus, double purple; ruber, red; varie- 

 gata has the flowers striped and spotted. To propagate these is a 

 rather troublesome task. Cuttings taken in autumn, and put in the 

 open border under hand lights, will generally be found well rooted in 

 the spring. A more certain way is by layers. But the most speedy 

 method is to graft the choice kinds on seedling stocks. The Althaea 

 frutex has the most wretched appearance all winter of any tree in our 

 gardens, and is very late in coming into leaf in spring. Hence it is 

 quite unfit to place near the dwelling-house, or on the terrace, though, 

 from its bold and brilliant appearance when in bloom, it is well adapted 

 to occupy conspicuous positions in the shrubbery, and at angles and 

 other similar spots among the walks of the pleasure-ground. 



PILLAR ROSES. 



The best pillar roses are those that I grow too fast and free. A moderate 

 grow from six to twelve feet high, I growth with a superior style of 

 and produce flow ers of a qnaliiy good flowers are qualities to be preferred in 

 enough for exhibition. If climbing 

 roses are used, the flowers will be of 

 poor quality, though tb<re may per- 

 chance be plenty ot them ; and in the 

 majority of cases the pillars will be 

 less uniformly clothed, though they 

 may have a certain pi< turesqueness, 

 which only tiue climbing roses can 

 impart to them. Climbing roses are 

 unsuitable, because usually they 



forming objects that are likely to be 

 closely and frequently inspected, and 

 that under any circumstances are 

 subjfeted to closer and more critical 

 sciutiny than ro*-es trained over 

 arches, banks, and the roofs of tem- 

 ples and arbours. '1 he more vigorous 

 growing varieties of hybrid perpetuals, 

 Bourbons, and moi-s, and camask, 

 hybrid China, and a few of the 



