98 DIDYNAMIA— GYMNOSPERMIA. Stachys. 



292. BETONICA. Betony. 



Linn. Gen. 293. Juss. 114. FL Br. 632. Tourn. t. 90. Lam. t. 507 



Cal. tubular, cylindrical, permanent, with 5 nearly equal, 

 spinous-tipped teeth, sliorter than the tube. Cor. rin- 

 gent ; tube cylindrical, incurved ; upper lip roundish, 

 undivided, almost flat, erect ; lower longer, in 3 deep 

 segments, the middle one broadest, roundish, notched. 

 Filnin. awl-shaped, scarcely projecting beyond the throat, 

 and turned towards the upper lip. Anth. almost orbi- 

 cular. Germ, rounded, 4-lobed. ^tijle thread-shaped, the 

 length and situation of the stamens. Stigma cloven, acute. 

 Seeds 4, ovate, in the bottom of the smooth, somewhat 

 converging, calyx. 



Herbaceous, unbranched, hairy, with oblong, stalked, co- 

 piously and uniformly serrated, or crenate, leaves. Fl. 

 crimson, purplish, or yellowish, in solitary, terminal, 

 dense, upright, whorled spikes. 



1. B. offichialis. Wood Betony. 



Spike interrupted. Middle segment of the lower lip notched. 



B, officinalis. Linn. Sp. PL 810. Willd. v. 3. 93. Fl. Br. 632. 

 E7igL Bot. V. 16. LI 142. Curt. Lond.fasc. 3. t. 33. Woodv. 

 suppL f . 24 1 . Hook. Scot. 1 83. FL Dan. t. 726. BulL Fr. t.4]. 



B. n. 264. Hall. HisLv.l. 116. 



Betonica. Raii Sijn. 238. Ger. Em. 714./. Dorst. Bot. 38, 2./. 

 Brunf. Herb. v. 1 . 88./. Fuchs. Hist. 350./. Camer, EpiL 68 1 ./. 

 Riv. Monop. Irr. t.28. 



In woods and thickets. 



Perennial. Juhj, August. 



Root rather woody. Stem leafy, rougli with reversed bristle.s. 

 Leaves oblong, with numerous, strong, bluntish serratures ; the 

 lowermost on long stalks. Fl. crimson, rarely white, forming 

 a dense spike, various in length ; the lowest whorl a little re- 

 mote, with a pair of small sessile leaves beneath. Bracteas pur- 

 plish, lanceolate, entire. Lower lip of the corolla more or less 

 notched, or slightly cloven. 



This herb is scarcely aromatic, but the fine rigid hairs, which cover 

 thesurface, cause it v.'hen powdered to produce sneezing. Hence 

 Betony is generally made an ingredient in herb snuffs. The 

 root is said to be emetic and purgative. 



293. STACHYS. Woundwort. 



Linn. Gen. 293. Juss.Wi. Fl.Br.632. Tourn. t. 86. Lam.Lb09. 

 Galeopsis. Tourn. t. 86. 



