PENTANDRIA— DIGYNIA. Heracleum. 101 



1. P. sativa. Common Wild Parsnep. 



Leaves simply pinnate ; downy beneath. 



P. sativa. Linn. Sp. PL 376. mild. v. I. 1466. n.Br.328. Engl. 



' Bot. v.S. t. 556. Mart. Rust. t. 83. 

 P. sylvestris. Iluds. 125. Ilelh. 123. Sibth. 101. Abbot 67 . 

 P. n. 808. Hall. Hist. v. 1.359. 



P. sylvestris latifolia. Raii Syn. 206. Ger. Em. 1025./. Bauh. 

 Pin. 155. Dod. Pempt. 680./. Moris, v. 3. 314. sect. 9. t. 16. 



Pastinaca. Trag. Hist. 439./ 440. Riv. Pentap. Irr. t. 6. 



P. domestica. Matth. Valgr. v. 2. 106./. Camer. Epit. 507. f. 



Siser sylvestrc. Fuchs. Hist. 753./ 



About the borders of fields,, on hillocks and drybanks^ in a chalky 

 soil. 



Biennial. July. 



7?oo^ spindle-shaped^ white, aromatic, mucilaginous and sweet, with 

 a degree of acrimony which it loses by cultivation, becoming tlie 

 eatable garden Parsnep. Stem a yard high, erect, branched, 

 leafy, angular, deeply furrowed, roughish. Leaves oblong, pin- 

 nate, with footstalks dilated and concave at the base ,• left/lets 

 from 3 or 5 to 9, opposite, ovate, serrated and cut^ bright green, 

 downy at the back j the terminal one 3-lobed. Umbels termi- 

 nal, erect, of several unequal, angular, downy rays^ partial ones 

 of more numerous rays. Both are usually naked ; but there is 

 occasionally a solitary lanceolate bractea, under the general, as 

 well as partial, umbels, Fl. yellow, small, some of the inner- 

 most not unfrequently abortive. Fruit large, pale brown when 

 quite ripe. 



171. HERACLEUM. Cow-parsnep. 



Linn. Gen. 137. Juss. 222. Fl. Br. 306. Spreng. Prodr. 12. Lam- 



t. 200. 

 Sphondylium. Tourn. t. 170. Gcertn. t.2\. 



FL incompletely separated; the inner ones barren, or 

 abortive; those of the circumference perfect and prolific. 

 CaL of 5 small, acute teeth, obliterated in the fruit. Pet. 

 5, inversely heart-shaped, with an inflexed point ; in the 

 innermost flowers smallest, nearly e(jual and re^idar; in 

 those of the circiunfercnce much larger, irregular, and 

 radiant, the outer one lar<;est, with ecjual lobes, the rest 

 more or less uncfjualiy divided ; the '2 inner ones smallest. 

 Filcivi. thread-shaj)ed, longer than the corolla, spivacling, 

 a little incurved. Anth. roundish. Germ, inferior, ovate, 

 slightly compressed transversely. Stijh's at lir:^t erect, 

 rather short; subse(iuently llalleiied, spreading, and some- 



