ICOSANDRIA— POLYGYNIA. Rubus. 399 



gether into a round liead. Styles 1 to each gernien, lateral, 

 short, ascending, permanent, elongciied after the flowering. 

 Stigmas obtuse, permanent. Berry compound, globular, 

 concave, deciduous, of several round, juicy, combined 

 grains, upon a conical, dry, spongy receptacle. Seeds soli- 

 tary, ovate-oblong, keeled, hard,' wrinkled and pitted. 

 Pla?its all perennial. Stems shrubby, rarely herbaceous; 

 branched or simple; erect, ascending, or trailing; angu- 

 lar or round ; leafy, usually prickly, as well as the whole 

 of die herbage, which is also *^ hairy, often downy, 

 or partly glandular and bristly. Leaves alternate, 

 stalked ; pinnate, digitate, somewhat })edate, ternate, or 

 simple ; veiny, serrated, or unequally jagged or notched ; 

 most downy beneath. Stipulas linear-lanceolate, often 

 very narrow, in pairs, attached to, or entirely originating, 

 from, the base of each footstalk. Fl. terminal, white or 

 red, inodorous ; in the shrubby species numerously ag- 

 gregate, and variously panicled, from the erect or ascend- 

 ing stems of the preceding year ; in most of the herba- 

 ceous ones solitary and upright. Fmit black, crimson, 

 or yellowish, wholesome, in many cases highly grateful. 

 The seeds have only one testa, or skin, lined with a 

 simple membrana, ox film ,- see Grammar, 26. They are 

 not therefore nuts, as tliey want an external shell / nor 

 are the grains drupas, though the seeds ai'e solitary. 



* Stem sJiruhhif, angular. 



\ . R. Jniticosfis. Common Bramble, or Black- 

 berry. 



.Stems nnguhir, furrowed ; barren ones arched and elon- 

 gated. Prickles hooked. Leaves })edate, of five, stalked, 

 ovate-oblong leaflets; white and downy beneatli. Pa- 

 nicle cylindrical, twice compound. Calyx reflexed, im- 

 armed. 



H. tVuticosus. Linn. Sp. PL 707. Ilcrh. Linn. n. :>. ff'illd. r.'2. 

 1 08 4. FL Br. .0 4;{. Kni;L Hot. v. 1 0. /. 7 1 .■,. Hook. Scot. 1 60 ? 

 ff'eilic and Nrrs Rnh. Germ. 21. /. 7. 



R. n. 1101). llalL Hist. V. 2. V2. 



H. major, fructu nigro. Ihinh. Hist. i\2. C)7.f. Cluthr. Ir. 109. /". 

 R<iii Sifn. \C)7 . 



Kubus. 'Lob.(>hs.6\9.f. Ic.v.2.2\\.f. Dud. Pempt 712. f\ 

 Ger. Km. \272./. Camcr. Epit. 7'*\.f. 



j3 R vulgaris major, fructu albo. Haii Syn. 4(17. 



Ill luxlict's, tliii-kc'ts and woods, common. 



