142 L1CHENES. 



[Arthonia. 



coloured covering the border. Turn, and Borr. Lick. Br. 

 p. 158. Winch, Bot. Guide, v. 2. p. 42. (Sm.)—C.cantharellum, 

 E. Bot. t. 2557. Ach. Sgn.p. 61.— C. stilheum, Scliar. Lich. Helv. 

 p. 4. n. 7.— C. pallidum, Pers. in Ust Ann. Fasc. 7. p. 20. t. 3. 

 /. 12. — Lichen peronellus et C. cantharellus, Ach. Prod. 



On decayed wood near Egleston,Durham. NorthernBotanhesGuide.— 

 "Nothing can be more distinct from all that we have hitherto seen 

 of the same genus. The crust is white, powdery, or, as Persoon says, 

 downy, but very thin and evanescent. Stipes ascending, not very slender, 

 of a light red-brown, clothed with white deciduous powder. Heads 

 convex above and below, but not globose, their disk of a light reddish 

 brown, or pale cinnamon-colour, clothed at first with a copious, dense, 

 white powder, which after a while disappears." Sm. 



16. C. furfurdceum, Pers. {sulphureous Calicium); crust 

 powdery greenish-yellow, pilidia stipitate, capitulum globose 

 at first closed and of the same colour as the crust at length 

 bursting and then becoming covered entirely by brown sporules. 

 Pers, Tent. Disp. Fung. Suppl. t. 60. Turn, and Borr. Lich. 

 Br p 159. Schcer. Lich. Helv. p. 6. n. 14.— C. capitellatum, 

 Ach. Syn.p. 61.— L. capilatus,Schreb.—E. Bot. t. 1539.— 3fucor 

 furfuraceus, Linn. Sp. PL p. 1655. 



Shady parts of broken sandy banks, often spreading over the roots of 

 trees, occasionally on decaying wood, in various parts of the kingdom.— 

 1 his remarkable and extremely pretty species forms a section of Acharius* 

 Calicium; being distinguished by the disk of the capitulum swelling into 

 a subglobose shape and surrounding the margin. 



B. Apothecia sessile. 

 a. Apothecia linear (lirella). Pseudo-Hypoxyla. 

 Fam. III. Graphideje. 

 3. Arthonia. Ach. Arthonia. 



Thallus crustaceous, spreading, adnate, uniform, cartila- 

 gineo-membranaceous. Apothecia innately sessile, roundish, 

 but varying in form, sometimes elongated, nearly plane, not 

 bordered, black, covered by a subcartilaginous membrane, within 

 subgelatinous, uniform. — Named from «^ w , to sprinkle, according 

 to Acharius, because the numercms apothecia are, as it were, 

 sprinkled over the crust :— but M. Fee justly remarks that *gd« 

 (and not xgdu) is to sprinkle, and that therefore the name ought to 

 be Ardonia. The fructification of this Genus, Mr. Borrer has ob- 

 served to differ from that of Opegrapha by the absence of a 

 proper margin to the apothecia ; which latter too are less elonga- 

 ted, though very polymorphous, and not marked with a depressed 

 line. Fee says that they are hard and almost horny in a dry 

 state, but become soft and subgelatinous when they have 

 absorbed moisture; which they do very readily. Hence, he 

 remarks, that Arthonia is to Graphis (part of our Opegrapha) 



