Fucus.] ALG.K INARTICULATE. 267 



I. F. vesiculosa*, Linn, (bladdered Fucus) ; frond plane 

 linear dichotomous quite entire with a central rib, vesicles 

 sphserical, receptacles terminal compressed turgid mostly ellipti- 

 cal and solitary. — Turn. Syn.Fucp. 117, Hist. Fuc.t.88. E.Bot. 

 t. 10G6. Grev. Alg. Brit. p. 12. t. '2. Grev. Fl. Crypt, t. 319.— 

 j3. spiralis ; frond spirally twisted, vesicles none, receptacles 

 roundish. Turn. — F. spiralis, Liyhtf. — E. Bot. t. 1685. — 

 y. linearis ; frond narrow dwarfish, vesicles none, receptacles 

 long between linear and lanceolate. Turn. — F. distichus, 

 Liyhtf. — b. bakicus ; yellow-brown, very dwarf, densely tufted, 

 with an indistinct midrib and no vesicles or receptacles. — F. bal- 

 ticus, Ay. in Svensk, Bot. t. 576. Grev. Crypt. Fl. t. 181. 



Rocky shores, every where, most abundant.— j3. Leith and Newhaven, 

 &c. — y. Orkney, Dr. Hope'. Anlthur, C'/pt. Carmchuel. — 5. Salt-imu^hes 

 and sands occasionally flooded by the sea in the West Highlands and 

 islands of Scotland. Summer and autumn. 2£ . — Very variable, accord- 

 ing to the substance on which it grows and its being more or less con- 

 stantly covered with salt-water: sometimes, besides the usual true 

 vesicles, there are elongated swellings occasioned by an accidental ac- 

 cumulation of air between the coats of the frond. This sea-weed is 

 abundantly employed in the manufacturing of kelp, if it he not the best. 

 But this, important as it is in a commercial point of view, is not the 

 only end it serves. In the isles of Jura and Skye it is frequently a 

 winter food for cattle, which regularly come down to the shores at the 

 receding of the tide to seek for it; and sometimes even the deer have been 

 known to descend from the mountains to the sea-side to feed upon this 

 plant. Linnaeus informs us that the inhabitants of Gothland, in Sweden, 

 boil this Fucus with water, and, mixing with it a little coarse meal or 

 flour, feed their hogs upon it; for which reason they call the plant 

 Swintangi and in Scania, he says, the poor people cover their cot! 

 with it, and use it for fuel. In Jura and some other Hebrides, the inha- 

 bitants dry their cheeses without salt, by covering them with the ashes 

 of this plant; which abounds BO much in that substance, that from five 

 ounces of the ashes may be procured two ounces and a half of fixed 

 alkaline salts, or half their own weight. 



l\ F. a ranoides, Linn, (horned Fucus); frond coriaceo-mem- 

 branaceons Linear Bubdichotomous with a central rib pinnated 

 with narrow lateral scattered multiiid spreading fruit-bearing 



branches, receptacles solitary terminal siibevlindrieal linear 



acuminated. — Turn. Syn. Fuc. />. 136, Hist. Fuc. t. B9. Z£ Bot 

 t. 21 15, Grev. Alg. Brit. p. 14. Ay. Sp. My. p. i.p.\ 



Abundant on the sea-shores of Scotland, especially in the sheltered 



bays and inlets of the sea on the west coast, often half imbedded in sand. 



Hare in Rngland. Coast of Hampshire, Shoreham, Anglesea, Dorset ; 



near Belfast, Ireland. Spring and Summer. 1£ . — This is of a thinner 



substance and paler colour than the preceding, and its ramification ■ ora- 

 liderably different. 



:i. F,mrrdtut, Linn* (serrakd Fttcui )j frond flat broadly linear 

 dichotomous with a central ril> and serrated, receptacles solitary 



terminal flat elongated -enaled.- Turn. Syn. I'nr. p. I JO, 



