218 LICHENES. [Gyrophora. 



with warts. Ach. Syn. — G. arctica, Ach.Meth.p. 106. t. 2./. 6. 



E. Bot. t. 2485 Umbilicaria polymorpha, a. F. Schcer. Lick. 



Helv. Spicil, p. 88. 



Mountain-rocks; abundant in the Highlands of Scotland. 



3. G. deusta, Ach. (burnt Gyrophora); thallus membranace- 

 ous roundly lobed brown upper-side more or less granulated, 

 under-side cellular and reticulated smooth and naked, apothecia 

 with circular plaits at length convex. Sm. — Ach. Syn. p. 66. — 



E. Bot. t. 2483. Lichen deustus, Linn. — Umbilicaria Jlocculosa, 



Hoffm, PI. Lich. t. 68. /. 1 — 4. — Lichen flocculosus, Wulf. in 

 Jacq. Coll. v. 3. p. 98. t. 1. /. 3. — Umbilicaria cetiea, y. Schcer. 

 Lich. Helv. Spicil.p. 91, Lich. Exsicc.n. 152. 



Rocks in the Highland mountains. — This appears to me, both from 

 my own specimens and from the figure in E. Bot., to be too nearly 

 allied to G. probozcidea. 



4. G. erdsa, Ach. (corroded Gyrophora); thallus simple mem- 

 branaceous rugged almost black irregularly lobed erose and 

 perforated at the circumference the segments convex, beneath 

 dark-grey somewhat granulated and partially shaggy, apothecia 

 convex variously plaited. — Ach. Syn. p. 65.— E. Bot. t. 2066. 

 —Schcer. Lich. Helv. Spicil. p. 93, Lich. Exsicc. n. 153— Um- 

 bilicaria erosa, Hoffm. PL Lich. v. 3. t. 70.— Lichen erosus, Ach. 

 Prodr. — Lj. torref aches, Light/. 



Frequent in rocky mountainous situations in the north of England, 

 Wales and Scotland. 



5. G. cylindrica, Ach. (fringed Gyrophora); thallus coriace- 

 ous simple or many-leaved slightly wrinkled dark bluish or 

 greenish-grey variously lobed and plaited coarsely ciliated at 

 the margin with black branched wiry bristles, beneath smooth 

 pale with scattered branching fibres, apothecia elevated nearly 

 plane variously plaited. — Ach. Syn. p. 65.— Lichen cylindricus, 

 Linn. Amam. Acad. — Lichen proboscideus, Linn. Sp. PL p. 1617, 

 (according to Smith) — Umbilicaria crinita, Hoffm. PI. Lich. 



t, 44. Umbilicaria polymorpha, u. Schcer. Lich. Helv. Spicil. 



p. 87.— Lichen crinitus, Light/.— Dill. Mnsc. t. 29./. 116. 



Abundant on mountain rocks. — This has more coriacecus/ro^ than 

 any of the preceding, of a blue-grey colour, especially when dry, and is 

 remarkable for the coarse black fringe with which its lobes are more 

 or less bordered. The name of this species and of G. jv'oboscidea have 

 been most unhappily chosen. The latter appellation might with some 

 propriety have been applied to the present species (as indeed it does 

 appear to have been, according to Smith); for the bristles of the margin 

 have a considerable resemblance (when magnified) to the proboscis, not 

 of the Elephant, but of the Elephant Beetle {Scarabcsus Elephas or S. 

 Hercides). It is used in Iceland occasionally as food and more frequently 

 for dyeing woollen cloth of a brownish-green colour. 



6. G. mnrina, Ach. (mouse-shin Gyrophora); frond membran- 

 ous its margin plaited wavy and somewhat lobed minutely 



