SYNGENESIA—POLYGAMIA-iEQU. Carduus. 385 



and cottony, likewise toothed and spinous, leaves. FL on downy, 

 round, terminal stalks, solitary, drooping, crimson, large and 

 handsome, with a sweet musky scent at all times of the day, 

 in warm weather. Calyx-scales spreading, sharply spinous, 

 somewhat leafy. Seeds compressed, polished, marked with dot- 

 ted lines. Down minutelv rough. 



2. C acanthoides. Welted Thistle. 



Leaves decurrent, sinuated, very spinous. Flowers aggre- 

 gate, somewhat stalked. Calyx globose ; scales linear, 

 partly recurved. 



C. acanthoides. Lbm. Sp. Pl.UbO. Willd. v. 3.1650. FZ.Pr.848. 

 Engl. Bot. V. 14. t. 973. With. 698. Hull 235. Hook. Scot. 236. 

 J acq, Aiis.tr. <. 249. 



C. crispus. Huds. 3o0. Light/. 452. 



C. polyacanthos. Curt. Lond.fasc. 6. t. 54. Schreb. Lips. 15. 



C. caule crispo. Raii Syn. 194. Bauh. Hist. v. 3.p.\. 59./. 



C. spinosissimus vulgaris, Polvacantha Theophrasti. Lob. Ic. v. 2. 

 21./ 



Polyacanthos. Ger. E)n. \\73.f. Dalech. Hist. 1473. f. 



Welted Thistle. Petiv. H. Brit. t.2\.f.2. 



About hedges and in dry waste ground, not very common. 



Annual. JunCy July. 



Root long and tapering. Stem about a yard high, much branched, 

 with copious, wavy, continuous, spinous wings. Herbage green, 

 scarcely at all downy. Lec/t^esdeeplypinnatifid and sinuated, green 

 on both sides, very spinous, decurrent ; radical ones stalked. 

 FL crowded at the tops of the branches, purplish-crimson, not 

 half the size of the last, being hardly an inch broad. Cal. very 

 slightly downy ; its scales narrow, evidently spinous, some of 

 the inner ones recurved at the tips, especially at an advanced 

 period. Anth. imperfect in some flowers, stigma in others. Seed- 

 down minutely rough. 



This species, before the herbarium of Linnaeus came to England, 

 was generally taken for his crispus, but the leaves of the latter 

 ai-e white, and mostly cottony, underneath ; its calyx-scales 

 more leafy and erect, the inner ones coloured. This latter, n. 165 

 of Haller, who wrongly quotes J. BauhLn, is a stranger in Bri- 

 tain, as our acanthoides appears to be in Switzerland. 



IS. C. tcnuijlorus . Slender-Hovvered Thistle. 



Leaves decurrent, sinuated, spinous. Flowers aggregate, 



sessile. Calyx nearly cylindrical; scales ovate at the 



base ; somewhat recurved at the point. 

 C. tenuiflorus. Curt. Land. fuse. 6. t. 55. FL /i;-.8-19. EngL Bot. 



»;. 6. ^ 412. U'illd. Sp. PL v. 3. 1652. mth. 60S. Hook. ScoL 



236. Pulten. Dorset. 80. 



VOL. III. 2 C 



