Pjfttis.] POMACEiE. 107 



1. Crataegus. Linn. Hawthorn. 



Calyx segments superior, acute. Petals roundish. Styles 

 1 — 5. Fruit oval or round, concealing the upper end of the 

 cells which are bony. Lindl. — Name from kjiuto?, strength, 

 in allusion to the extreme hardness of the wood. 



Icosandria. Monogynia. 



l.C. Oxyacantha, Linn. Hawthorn or White-thorn. Leaves 

 glabrous, cut into three or five deeply serrated segments, cu- 

 neate at the base ; flowers corymbose ; style one or two. Br. 

 Fl. 1. p. 221. — Mespilus Oxyacantha, Gert. — E. Ft. v. ii. p. 

 359. E. Bot. t. 2504. 



Woods and hedges. Fl. May, June, b • — The hawthorn tree, 

 when in bloom, is deservedly a general favourite. The pink-flowered 

 variety is a very ornamental plant, which is also much esteemed, and 

 the new scarlet thorn, with larger flowers of a deep red, still more so. 

 This plant also varies in the colour of its fruit, which is generally red, 

 being sometimes yellow. It is well known as a useful plant for hedges, 

 and vast numbers of plants are sold annually by the nurserymen, who 

 raise them from the haws. It may also be propagated from pieces of 

 the roots. 



2. Pyrus. Linn. Pear, Apple, and Service. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Petals roundish, spreading. Styles 2, 3— or 5. 

 Fruit fleshy with 5 distinct cells. JEndocarpium cartilaginous. 

 Seeds 2 in each cell. Testa cartilaginous. — Trees with ser- 

 rated, undivided, or pinnated leaves, and cymose flowers. 

 Bractece deciduous. — Name derived from the Celtic peren, a 

 pear. In Greek aTrio<s, from api Celtic; whence apple in 

 Engl., apfel, Germ., abhal gradhaugh in Gaelic. 



Icosandria. Monogynia. 



;j« Leaves simple. 



1. P. communis, Linn. Wild Pear-tree. Leaves simple, 

 ovate, serrated ; flowcrstalks corymbose ; fruit turbinate. Br. 

 Fl. 1. p. 222. E. FL v. u.p. 301. E. Bot. t. 1784. 



On rocks below Fermoy ; Mr. J. Drummond. Fl. April, May. 

 T? . — The origin of our garden pear. 



2. P. Mains, Linn. Crab-tree. Leaves ovate, acute, ser- 

 rated; flowers in a sessile umbel; styles combined below; 

 fruit globose. Br. Fl. 1. p. 222. E. Fl. v. ii. p. 362. E. Bot. 

 t. 169. 



Woods and hedges. Fl. May. T? . — A small tree with spreading 

 branches, the origin of our apple, of which we have now so many tine 

 varieties. 



3. P. Aria, Smith. White Beam-tree. Leaves ovate, cut 



