84 LICHENES. [Ramalina. 



the thallus : these are not to be confounded with young apothecia, 

 which have a more polished surface. The disk is rather thick, opaque, 

 and black ; the lamina proligera of a horny transparency, very pale, 

 brown, striated. The sooty brown warts observable among the scales 

 of the thallus being many times in diameter that of the full grown 

 apothecia, their rugged surface, and, above all, their internal structure, 

 show their functions to be different. The stipes is sometimes branched ; 

 and the apothecia occasionally so minute as to be scarcely distinguish- 

 able by the naked eye. 



2. Apothecia discoid. 



a. Thallti3 compressed. 



8. EVERNIA. Ach. 



Tha'lus cartilagineo-subcrustaceous, branched and laciniated, 

 or compressed and subangulate, densely fibrous within. Apo- 

 thecia orbiculate, with an inflexed, thallodal border, the disk 

 concave, coloured. 



1. E. pranastri, Ach. Thallus suberect, brownish-grey, 

 much branched ; the laciniae plane, lineari-attenuate, rugoso- 

 lacunose ; apothecia marginal, concave, their disk of a bright 

 brown, their border slender, inflexed, almost entire. Ach. L. 

 Un. p. 442. Eng. Bot. t. 859. 



On trees ; near Belfast, Mr. Templeton ; near Bantry, Miss Hut- 

 chins ; near Killarney, Mr. G. S. Goagh. The buds are marginal 

 circular eruptions of the thallus, pouring out a greyish glaucous 

 powder ; such may also be observed exteriorly on the border of the 

 apothecia. 



9. Ramalina. Ach. 



Thallus cartilaginous, branched and laciniated, compactly cot- 

 tony within ; apothecia orbiculate, bordered, the disk as well 

 as the border of the substance of the thallus, and of one 

 colour. 



1. R. fraxinea, Ach. Thallus flat, rugoso-lacunose, of a 

 whitish-grey, glabrous on both sides, the segments lineari-lan- 

 ceolate, attenuated; apothecia large, submarginal, plane, of a pale 

 brownish-flesh colour. Ach. L. Un. p. 602. Eng. Bot. t. 1781. 



At the Hill of Howth, Mr. Templeton ; not uncommon in Kerry. 

 Mr. Templeton found a state in which the marginal buds were expand- 

 ing into new fronds. The buds are oblong, often confluent eruptions 

 of the thallus emitting a grey powder. 



2, R. polymorpha, Ach. Thallus compressed or taper, laci- 

 niato ramose, of a pale ash colour, longitudinally lacunose ; buds 

 scattered or terminal, subelliptical ; apothecia submarginal and 

 terminal, at length convex and dark brown. Ach. L. Un. p. 600. 

 Hooker Brit. Flor. part. 5, p. 224. 



. Near Belfast ; Mr. Templeton. Mr. Templeton's plant is linear 



