100 LICHENES. [Endocarpon. 



scale, with dark brown orifices. Ach. Lich. Un.p. 302. Eng. 

 Bot.t. 2012, /. 2. 



On slate rock, near Bantry, Miss Hutchins. Thallus whitish-grey, 

 also dark-grey, turning brownish, especially about the orifices of the 

 apothecia when moist ; its scales thick, sometimes imbricated, some- 

 what ascending, and foliaceous ; in other specimens placed side by 

 side so closely and so flat as to resemble an areolate crust : be- 

 neath, the scales are dark brown or blackish, except at the very edges, 

 which are paler. Orifices of the apothecia without any depression, 

 (as occurs in E. pusillum.) dark brown : the nucleus colourless, hya- 

 line, in a tegument slightly opaque. The Irish plant described I sup. 

 pose to be that intended by Acharius. 



6. E. rufo-virescens. Thallus of minute, flattish, often scat- 

 tered, roundish, pale yellowish-green scales, with whitish edges, 

 and white beneath ; apothecia usually solitary, their orifices 

 large, brownish-, flat when dry. 



On rocks, in the South of Ireland ; not uncommon. The thallus is 

 liable to vary in having the scales so closely set, as to appear like an 

 areolate crust with blackish cracks ; the edges of the scales are some- 

 times raised, subcrenate, and slightly flexuose : when moist the colour 

 is of a lively green, which, under the lens, appears contrasted with the 

 reddish-brown orifices of the apothecia ; these are large, often half as 

 wide as the scales on which they are set, and flattened as patellulae ; in 

 old age becoming dark brown. The nucleus is somewhat flattened, 

 transparent, and gelatinous, very slightly brownish ; but by moisture 

 it swells so as to show a convex surface on the scales ; it then much 

 resembles the patellula of certain Lecidece, having a brownish disk 

 and a striated colourless horny lamina proligera. Mr. Harriman's 

 specimens of E. smaragdulum, Ach. appear to me so nearly allied to 

 this species that I think it probable future observations may identify 

 them. At present, however, this last plant appears to have the apo- 

 thecia usually numerous on each scale ; the scales themselves more 

 lobed, and of a tawny colour, scarcely altered by moisture ; their sub- 

 stance thicker, their edges deflexed. 



7. E. sulphureum. Thallus of minute, roundish or angu- 

 late, closely set, uneven, granulato-rugose sulphur coloured 

 scales, sometimes bursting out with sulphur coloured minute 

 buds ; apothecia numerous, with prominent, subglobose, pale 

 tops. 



On rocks at Kilceanagh mountain, County of Kerry. A species by 

 no means rare in the South of Ireland, but the apothecia I have found 

 only in the locality named. In its commoner state it is covered over 

 with buds concolorous with the sulphur coloured thallus. The scales 

 are usually thickly set, uneven with tumid elevations, by mutual pres- 

 sure representing somewhat an areolate crust ; sometimes, however, 

 their lobed and slightly crenate margin is observable. The inferior 

 surface is nearly of the same colour as the superior. The apothecia, 

 though usually but one on each scale, are still numerous ; they are 

 globose, half immersed ; their ptrithecium, which does not pass under 

 the nucleus, hemispherical, paler than the thallus, with a pore on the 

 summit, through which the moistened hyaline gelatinous nucleus is 

 visible ; this under the lens is found to be quite globose, and not large 



