140 LICHENES. [ParmeUa. 



lacinice ; a state occurs on granite at Lough Bray, County of Wick- 

 low, with the lacinice broad, convex, tumid and shining-. It varies also 

 in colour from a pale olive-grey to purplish-black. The black points 

 on the thallus, though tolerably constant, are much to be suspected as 

 parasitic bodies. I have seen apothecia an inch in diameter. 



5. Buds, powdery, in cup-shaped eruptions of the thallus. 



17. P. caperata, Ach. Thallus orbicular, pale yellowish- 

 green, wrinkled in the centre ; buds in a coarse powder in cup- 

 shaped eruptions, at length confluent ; lobes of the thallus re- 

 motely crenate. Apothecia very concave. Ach. L. Un. p. 457. 

 Eng. Bot. t. 654. 



On rocks and on trees, very common : the apothecia rare. On rocks 

 I have measured patches more than five and a half feet broad, a diame- 

 ter, greater than that of our largest native trees. On trees the thallus 

 is usually more green. In every situation the central parts are brown- 

 ish, the extreme edge*, smooth, shining and deflexed. I have met with 

 apothecia on rocks at Dunkerron mountain, and on trees in Sir Edward 

 Denny's Park, Tralee. The buds originate from minute round eleva- 

 tions, which split at the top, and soon assume a circular shape and be- 

 come lined with a powder concolorous with the thallus : they are at 

 length, confluent ; they may be observed, about the centre of the frond, 

 expanding into new individuals. 



18. P. Borreri, Turn. Thallus orbicular, of a pale lead-grey; 

 the lobes concave; buds powdery, greyish-white, in cup-shaped 

 eruptions of the thallus, at length confluent. Apothecia with a 

 tumid incurved border. Tain, in Linn. Tr. v. 9, p. 148, t. 13, 

 /. 2. Eng. Bot. t. 1780. 



On rocks at Dunkerron ; on trees at Roughty, County of Kerry. 

 The inferior surface is brownish-black: the edges of the lacinice of the 

 frond brown and elevated : the buds often confluent in old individuals 

 towards the centre of the patch. 



19. P. ulothrix, Ach. Thallus stellated, glaucous-grey, 

 greenish when wet, with black fibres beneath ; the segments 

 narrow, linear, flattish, multifid ; buds greenish-grey, in cup- 

 shaped eruptions of the thallus. Apothecia dispersed, the disk 

 dark brown, the border thick, entire, elevated. Ach. L. Un.p. 

 481. Lichen virellus, Eng. Bot. t. 1696. 



On apple trees, near Belfast, Mr. Tdmpleton. On elms at Dunker- 

 ron ; also on walls and rocks. The apothecia, as long since noticed by 

 Acharius, from their outer and inferior surface send down rootlets or 

 fibres, analogous to those of the inferior side of the frond. I have 

 never seen Irish specimens of P. cycluselis distinct from the present. 

 The Lecanora virella, of Acharius would seem by his description to 

 be very different. Our plant varies exceedingly in size. 



20. P. adglutinata, Flcerke. Thallus stellate, finely mem- 

 branaceous, very thin at the edges, adpressed ; buds greenish or 

 brownish-grey in cup-shaped eruptions of the thallus, at length 

 confluent ; apothecia unknown. Flcerke in Mugeot et Nestler, St. 

 Cr. Vogeso-Rh. Ao. 543. 



