302 THE GARDENER. [July 



those used by ourselves in our own establishment, about eighty dozen 

 blooms have been sent away during March and xVpril to other people. 

 Our outdoor Roses are late in ilowering, and to succeed the early house 

 plants we have just erected and planted a kind of lean-to orchard- 

 house structure, 45 feet long, with all the best climbing Roses, which 

 we propose training as methodically as Vines on the long-rod system, 

 which answers admirably for Roses, especially the stronger-growing 

 trees. I could at times have cut shoots of Gloire 15 feet or more in 

 length, that were wreathed with flowers in all stages of development 

 their whole length, so regular had the buds broken. It is the young 

 annual shoots, however, that break best, no matter how long they are. 

 In training, the original stems are led off horizontally along the bot- 

 tom of the wall, and also along the front to the bottom wire, and from 

 these shoots are led upwards, about 6 inches apart, just like young 

 Yine-canes, and they are encouraged to grow as much as they will, and 

 allowed the following spring to bloom their whole length. When done 

 flowering, every alternate shoot, at least, is cut down to a bottom bud, 

 to insure plenty of wood at the base for the following season, and the 

 others are allowed to extend till the space is filled. In order to fur- 

 nish a house regularly with wood all over, some methodical system of 

 training of this kind is necessary, and far more easily carried out than 

 the haphazard method of taking shoots when they are formed, and 

 scheming how and where to train them. 



The varieties we have selected for indoor work, all good kinds, 

 presenting distinct shades of colour, are Gloire de Dijon, Cheshunt 

 Hybrid, Marechal Mel, Devoniensis, Madame Berard, Reine Marie 

 Henrietta, Solfaterre, Madame Levet, and Souvenir d'un Ami. Before 

 the planted-out trees flower, plants in pots are forced. J. S. W. 



FRUIT- CULTURE. 



THE APPLE. 



Medium Trees : Manariement of the tops. — Having disposed of the root- 

 management of Apple-trees on Crab and Paradise stocks, we will now 

 turn to the tops. As we have already indicated, we consider that trees 

 which are to be allowed to attain the greatest development that Apple- 

 trees are capable of, should be on stems a few feet in height. In the 

 case of large trees, which will ultimately wholly occupy the space 

 allowed for them, it is necessary that they should have clear stems 5 

 or 6 feet high, that room may be afforded underneath their branches 

 for all necessary operations. Where only single rows are grown this 

 is less necessary, and where high winds prevail, it may be an actual 

 evil. In the case of medium-sized trees which are planted singly, or 

 in single rows, trees with stems from 1 to 2 feet will answer well. If 

 trees are to be kept, either by necessity or choice, from becoming more 



