1879.] ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 407 



duce a fine effect when in full perfection, which is usually early in 

 May. The small bright-crimson berries are ripe in September, and 

 hang on the tree till winter, and sometimes till spring. It is here 

 a vigorous - growing, very hardy tree, and from its fine foliage and 

 showy flowers and fruit, very desirable for planting either in groups 

 or singly in parks, shrubberies, or the margins of woods. 



C. affinis (the allied Gotoneaster). — So named from its close affinity 

 to C. frigida, of which species some writers regard it as merely a 

 variety. It is a sub-evergreen or evergreen tree of from 15 to 20 

 feet in height, introduced from Chittaong, Nepal, in 1828. The 

 leaves are ovate, tipped with a small spine, bright green above, and 

 woolly beneath. The flowers and fruit are almost identical with the 

 preceding species, appearing about the same time, the berries hang- 

 ing on the tree, and being very ornamental many months after ripen- 

 ing. It is an exceedingly interesting tree, well worthy of attention 

 on the part of those engaged in decorative planting, its distinct ap- 

 pearance giving quite a character to groups of low-growing trees or 

 tall shrubs. 



C. Simonsii (Simon's Cotoneaster). — This is a sub-evergreen shrub 

 of from 5 to 8 feet in height, introduced from Khasya, in Nepal, in 

 1850. The leaves are oblong acute, dark green above, lighter be- 

 neath. The flowers are white, appearing in May. They are followed 

 by a plentiful crop of bright-scarlet berries, which ripen in Septem- 

 ber, and remain on the branches during the greater part of the winter. 

 It is a remarkably hardy, ornamental shrub, certainly one of the most 

 attractive of the genus, in most seasons truly evergreen ; and not only 

 effective in the open shrubbery, but very suitable for covering walls 

 or house fronts — its beautiful scarlet berries rivalling in beauty those 

 of the well-known Pyracantha. It is also found to make a neat, 

 close garden-hedge, standing the knife well — a purpose for which it 

 might be, with advantage, more extensively used. 



C. microphylla (the small-leaved Cotoneaster). — This is a prostrate 

 evergreen shrub, with long wiry stems, spreading over many feet 

 when allowed full scope, but seldom rising above 2 or 3 feet. It is 

 a native of Nepal, where it is found on the rocky slopes of mountains. 

 It was introduced in 1824. The leaves are small, oblong, of a thick 

 leathery texture, dark green above, and slightly pubescent beneath. 

 The flowers are white, similar in appearance to those of the Haw- 

 thorn ; they appear in May or June, and are succeeded with scarlet 

 berries, which ripen in August, and remain on all the winter. Apart 

 from its value for planting as a single specimen on a lawn, where it 

 soon forms a compact, cushion-like specimen, it is one of the most 

 useful of plants for a low wall, the dense, full foliage, twiggy branches, 



