1879.] LATE AUTUMN-FLOWERING PLANTS. 491 



Bothwell Castle. Mr Turnbull lias, at the same time, not been a man 

 of one idea, for he has not only not neglected any other branch of 

 gardening while he has accomplished such work in Heath culture, but 

 everything connected with his charge for which means have been pro- 

 vided, has been most assiduously and successfully carried on by him 

 during his career of fifty years at Bothwell Castle. We have no 

 recollection of ever having seen finer crops of vegetables in any garden 

 than we saw there last September, and they were just a sample of the 

 usual crops. For many years Mr Turnbull held a foremost place as a 

 crosser and raiser of florist flowers, and the same may be said in 

 reference to general plant culture. 



Many a successful gardener owes much to the thorough grounding 

 in all the important principles of culture he received under Mr 

 Turnbull's tuition ; and not a few — ourselves among the number — have 

 felt that to follow the lines of gardening practice which he carried out, 

 and the noble example he set in every other respect, was their surest 

 and safest road to success and esteem. Mr Turnbull is one of those 

 gentlemen who have made their avocation a labour of love as well as 

 of duty ; and no mind could be furtherremoved from mercenary con- 

 siderations, one of the strongest proofs of which is the fact that many 

 in his position would have made these grand seedling Heaths a lucra- 

 tive success, whereas he has never looked upon or made use of his 

 achievement in that way. 



ON LATE AUTUMN-FLOWERING HERBACEOUS 

 PLANTS. 



The value of late-flowering hardy flowers is yearly becoming better 

 appreciated. This year, characterised as it has been by its disastrous 

 weather, resulting in a greater dearth of both fruit and flowers than 

 any in the remembrance of the oldest living gardeners, hardy her- 

 baceous plants, and particularly those which flower in autumn, have 

 proved themselves conspicuously superior to the various classes of 

 tender plants which are so generally used for summer and autumn 

 flower-gardening. They have flourished and flowered — most of them 

 out of season, perhaps — in defiance of the adverse weather ; and those 

 have had most enjoyment in their gardens who have had the largest 

 number of them employed in their decoration. Doubtless the ex- 

 perience of the present year will stimulate the movement towards the 

 more general culture of the hardy perennial classes of plants, which 

 is one of the healthiest signs of the present time in flower-garden 

 matters. It indicates that the time for an exclusive fashion in the 

 flower-garden, which has long placed a limit to the enjoyment and 

 pleasure of the owners of gardens, is coming to an end, and that the 

 conviction of the superior fitness to our changeable climate of the 



