438 THE GARDENER. [Sept. 



J. W. UsBOiiNE. — You will find your svibject fully treated of in our present 

 issue. 



W. P. — Kitfiben Apples: Lord Suffield, Manx Codlin, Tower of Glamis, 

 Crloria Mundi, Dumelow's Seedling, Bedfordshire Foundling. Dessert Apples : 

 Kerry Pippin, Ribston Pippin, Bess Pool, Claygate Pearmain, Margil, Adams's 

 Pearmain. Pears : Jargonelle, ^Marie Louise, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Beurr(^ 

 d'Auianlis, "Winter Nelis, Williams's Bon Chretien. These will all be likely to do 

 well with you, and will keep up a succession of fruit ; but get shelter as soon as 

 possible by planting quick-growing trees. 



Tyro. — It is desirable to have the command of bottom-heat from hot-water 

 pipes in a chamber underneath Pines, but it is also desirable to do with as little 

 heat as possible from such means. "Where 3 feet deep of good oak leaves and 9 

 or 10 inches of tan can be had there is not much need of heat from pipes, but it 

 is well to be able to have such at command when the fermenting bed declines, as it 

 does at certain seasons. We have known Pines to be very successfully grown for 

 ten years in the same pit without anything further than an annual addition of 

 about 8 inches oi f resit tan mixed into the surface of the bed. 



SuBSCRiBEB. — If your "Vines have the run of borders both outside and inside, 

 you can renew either the one or the other now, before they shed their leaves, and 

 while there is a chance of their rooting into the fresh soil. Take out a trench 

 parallel with the border, and at the extremity of the border, then fork away all 

 the soil and carefully preserve the roots. In this way you may work up close to 

 the stems of the Vines, and, after seeing that the drainage is in good order, put 

 in the fresh soil, and lay the roots carefully in it, about 8 inches from the surface. 

 If you do the inside border this autumn, you may do the outside one next year 

 in the same way. Protect the outside border from rain, the first season at 

 least. In this way you may successfully renew the whole border without losing 

 a crop. The Vinas will be the better of shading during bright weather after the 

 operation is performed. 



T. P. — Dendrobiums should be kept drier at the root, and exposed to more 

 light and air after they have completed their growths ; and if kept in a tempera- 

 ture of 60", and just sufiaciently watered to keep them from shrivelling, they will 

 flower freely next season. D. Nobile is probably the best for dinner-table de- 

 coration ; T). intermedium, much in the same way, is also excellent. 



FiLix Femina.— Mr Thomas Moore of Chelsea Botanic Gardens, who is one of 

 the best authorities of the day on Ferns, has published a work that will suit you. 

 Groombridge, we think, is the publisher. 



Novice. — Black Hamburg, Maddresfield Court, Golden Champion grafted on 

 Muscat stock, Lady Downes, Bowood Muscat, and, for fine flavour, Duchess of 

 Buccleuch. Keep Bowood Muscat at the warm end of the house, Golden Cham- 

 pion next it, then Duchess of Buccleuch, Maddresfield Courts Lady Downes, and 

 Black Hamburg. 



North Wall. — An excellent arrangement for a north aspect is to put Morello 

 Cherries and Red Currants on the wall, and plant a row of Warrington Goose- 

 berries on the border. These, when in crop, can all be covered with the same 

 net, and kept late, and prove most profitable crops. 



Agnes. — The best thing you can do is to take what cuttings you can get, and 



