320 THE GARDENER. [July 



under surface of the leaf. In about eight days the larva is hatched and begins de- 

 stroying the leaf, which in the course of time is all devoured save the petiole. 

 "When about full grown it descends to the earth, where it forms a cocoon — then 

 changes into a fly, from which succeeding generations immediately spring. 

 Gathering and destroying the leaves upon which the eggs are deposited is a very 

 good plan. Another and equally as good a method is to syringe the bushes of 

 an evening, and have them dusted with one of either of the three following things ; 

 viz., lime, soot, or sulphur. 



The Abraxus grossulariata, or magpie moth, is another very destructive pest, 

 depositing its eggs also upon the foliage, which in September produces a hairy 

 cream-coloured caterpillar, having orange stripes along each side and slightly 

 spotted with black. Its destruction is done much in the same manner as the saw-fly 

 already described. Its ravages are committed, however, both in autumn and 

 Bpring. In ]\Iay or June it changes into a pupa, and in three weeks it forms the 

 perfect insect. The only remedy is to hand-pick the caterpillar, or burn the 

 leaves upon which the eggs are deposited. A decoction of hellebore applied to 

 the bushes is perhaps the speediest and most effectual cure. 



Another caterpillar, that of the Phaloena vanaria, is also very destructive to 

 the Gooseberry. It is of a bluish-green colour, about 1 inch in length, and more 

 distinctly spotted with black than in the former case. Unlike the last it, under- 

 goes its transformation in the earth, and begins to prey upon the young leaves as 

 soon as they begin to develop. To prevent its ravages a good plan is to sprinkle 

 lime in winter around the roots of the bushes. If it ascends to the bushes, the 

 only plan is to remove them by the hand or destroy by hellebore. It changes 

 into a pupa about the beginning of June, and in July comes forth the perfect 

 insect. James M'Millan. 



{To he continued.) 



PASSIFLORA QUADRAISTGULAKIS. 



I HAVE to thank Mr Simpson for liis courteous reply to my inquiry 

 anent the glands of his P. quadrangularis, and in return have to state 

 that our plant in the Cucumber-house — which, we trust, will carry fruit 

 this season — has from four to six glands on a leaf -stalk. Last year we 

 removed a plant with small leaves, on which we never observed more 

 than four glands on a leaf-stalk. As a climber, it was grand with its 

 hundreds of bluish or lilac-rayed and sweet-scented flowers, which it 

 produced in early spring and late autumn. We had it also for P. quad- 

 rangularis. We have grown the Buonapartea and Billottii ; with us 

 they produced large flowers, but few of them. We have fruited the 

 P. edulis for a number of years, and we would advise those who have 

 a spare wire in a plant-stove or intermediate house to give it a trial. 

 The flowers which it produces are not sensational, but the dark purple- 

 coloured fruit look well on the plant, and are highly esteemed by 

 some for dessert. G. Donaij)SON. 



Keith Hall. 



