212 THE GARDENER. [May 



say 4 feet wide, and the manure turned in as thickly as possible. Let 

 the Leeks have wide deep holes, leaving them clear in their hearts, 

 and as they grow a little earth can be placed round them. It is 

 the blanched part which is most valued, and the longer the white is 

 the better the produce. Ridges for Leeks and Celery may be together, 

 as they are both winter crops ; single rows of Celery may be preferred, 

 which is just throwing the soil (a spade deep and 1 foot wide) right 

 and left, and giving plenty of decayed manure. Kidney Beans may 

 now be sown, and any raised under protection may be planted out ; 

 covering at night with large flower-pots may be necessary to protect 

 them from frost. Lettuce may be sown thinly where it is to stand, and 

 the thinnings planted in a cool shady position will give a succession ; 

 plenty of manure and deep soil are required if fine crisp Lettuces are 

 wanted. Onions may be thinned out from 4 to 8 inches in the rows, 

 but where bulbs 15 to 18 inches in circumference are wanted, 1 foot 

 apart is not too much ; dustings of guano and soot in showery weather 

 will help their growth. Radishes of sorts, to keep up a supply, should 

 be sown at short intervals ; the Turnip kinds stand the heat best ; in 

 hot weather, heavy soakings of water are necessary to grow them crisp 

 and palatable. Small Salads, such as Mustard and Cress, may be sown 

 anywhere, but dryness and scorching sun give toughness and a strong 

 taste to them. Golden and American Land Cress are good substitutes 

 for Water Cress. Spinach will do well sown between bushes, or any 

 vegetable crops which will not cover the space for some time ; on dry 

 poor ground Spinach runs very quickly to seed. Turnips may for 

 some time be sown in moderate quantities. Swedes and American 

 Red Stone sown on cool soil at the end of the month will keep up an 

 autumn and winter supply; the Swedes are hardy, and do well for 

 latest. Scarlet Runners, like French Beans, require good rich soil, 

 plenty of water when fruiting, and the pods picked off before they get 

 old, otherwise the plants soon become exhausted ; rows topped down, 

 to keep them dwarf, give large supplies all the season through ; rows 

 planted and well staked like Peas hide any unsightly portion of the 

 garden, and are very ornamental. 



Attention now, and for some weeks to come, will do much to secure 

 well-grown wall fruit-trees, as well as to keep them fruitful, and save the 

 knife in winter, which often proves disastrous to stone-fruit trees. Con- 

 tinue to take off all shoots coming straight out from the main branches, 

 and if any strong watery growths have to be left to fill up space, stop 

 them, and throw one shoot into three or four. The bearing-shoots left 

 for next year on Morello Cherries, Peaches, Plums, and Apricots should 

 be close to the base of present bearing-shoots — one or two are enough, 

 and a top-shoot left to lead up the sap for the fruit this season ; a 



