N. ORD.—ERICACE. 105 
8. ORD.—MONOTROPEA. ; 
GENUS.—MONOTROPA,* LINN. 
SEX, SYST.—DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
MONOTROPA. 
INDIAN PIPE. 
SYN.—MONOTROPA UNIFLORA, LINN.; MONOTROPA MORISONIANA, 
MICHX.; MONOTROPA MORISONI, PERS. 
COM. NAMES, — INDIAN PIPE, TOBACCO PIPE, PIPE PLANT, CORPSE 
PLANT, ICH PLANT, BIRD’S NEST,7 NEST PLANT, FIT-ROOT, CON- 
VULSION-ROOT, OVA-OVA; (GER.) EINBLUTHIGE MONOTROPA. 
A TINCTURE OF THE WHOLE FRESH PLANT MONOTROPA UNIFLORA, L. 
Description.—This strange waxy or bluish-white, fleshy, inodorous, semi-para- 
sitic herb, grows from 2 to 8 inches high. Rootlets very numerous, forming a ball 
of densely-matted fibres. Stems several from each clump of rootlets, simple, sub- 
_cylindrical and smooth. Leaves, none; their place supplied below by numerous 
small triangular scales, which gradually enlarge and become ovate-spatulate folia- 
ceous bracts toward the summit of the stem, where they pass into the inflorescence, 
composed of a single, terminal, declined flower, which becomes horizontal, then 
inclined as it performs its life-work, and rigidly erect in fruit. lower slightly 
pubescent, entirely devoid of color except where the yellow anthers and flesh- 
colored pistil are disclosed. Sefa/s replaced by 2 to 5 bracteolate, irregular, 
lanceolate, caducous bodies; fefals 5, erect, gouge-shaped, saccate at the base, 
marcescent, Stamens 10, shorter than the petals, each alternating at the base 
with a short, recurved, nipple-like process of the base of the ovary; //aments awl- 
shaped, pubescent; azthers horizontal, reniform, becoming one-celled and opening 
by transverse chinks; fol/en simple, showing 1 to 2 translucent depressed spots. 
Style columnar, short and thick; s#gma naked, discoid, obtusely 5-angled, with a 
funnel-form depression in the centre. /vwz¢ an erect, ovoid, 8- to 10-grooved, 4- to 
5-celled loculicidal pod; A/acente large and sarcous; seeds very numerous, minute, 
subulate ; esta loose, cellular, translucent. A description of the Ericacez will be 
- found under Uva Ursi 100. 
History and Habitat.—The Indian pipe grows in deep, rich, shady woods— 
especially those in which the beech abounds—from Florida to Mississippi, and 
thence northward, flowering in July in the North and from August to September in 
the South. This curious herb well deserves its name of corpse plant, so like is it to 
* Méve;, monos ; rpéros, tropos ; one turn, tee the facing of the flower. 
+ More applicable to Daucus carota, on account of the resemblance of the fruiting umbels to that structure. : 
{ The pollen of Sncnaee Sian ess Shien torebient | in this segs to that of Pendicularis Canadensis. 
