N. ORD.-—SCROPHULARIACEA:. 4115 
Tribe.—EUPHRASIEA. 
GENUS.—EUPHRASIA,* TOURN, 
SEX. SYST.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. 
HUPHRASIA. 
EYVEBRIGHT. 
SYN.—EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS, LINN.; E. CANDIDA, SCHGIN.; EUPHRA- 
GIA ALBA, BRUN. 
COM.NAMES.—EYEBRIGHT, EUPHRASY; (FR.) EUPHRAISE; (GER.) AUGEN- 
TROST. 
A TINCTURE OF THE HERB EUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS, LINN. 
Description.—This low annual only grows to a height of a few inches. Stem 
erect, hairy; dranches opposite. Leaves opposite, varying from roundish-ovate to 
oblong; margin incisely dentate, that of the upper or floral leaves with strongly 
setaceous teeth; in the lower leaves tending more to crenate, /nflorescence 
spicate ; dvacteoles none; flowers small, whitish. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 
4-cleft; /obes acute, pointed. Corol/a purple-striped, dilated at the throat, bilabiate, 
the lips subequal; upper Lip erect, barely concave, 2-lobed, the sides revolute ; . 
lobes emarginate ; dower “ip external in the bud, spreading, 3-lobed ; lobes emar- 
ginate, the middle one largest and yellow. Stamens 4, didynamous, rising under 
the upper lip of the corolla; azthers 2-celled; cells equal, distinct, each mucronate 
at its base. S¥yle filiform; stigma entire.  Pruct an oblong, flattened, loculicidal 
capsule; seeds numerous, pendulous, oblong, and longitudinally sulcate. 
History and Habitat—Euphrasia is indigenous to Europe and North America- 
With us its growth is depauperate and its stations few. It ranges, here, from the 
north-eastern coast of Maine over the alpine summits of the White Mountains 
and Adirondacks; thence northward and westward along the upper shore of Lake 
Superior to the Aleutian Islands. In many of these locations a dwarf form, with 
very small flowers, is found. It flowers in July and August. = 
Though this herb has always been known under a name of Greek originl 
still no mention of the plant is made by Dioscorides, Pliny, Galen, or even by the 
Arabian physicians. F. Bauhin says that it was known as a remedy for the Sem : 
about the year 1380. Arnoldus Villanovanus, who died in 1 313, was the au hor 
of “ Vini Euphrasiati tantopere celebrati.” How long before es ee loge - | 
in repute for eye diseases, is impossible to say ; but in SeCreon Liticum é | 
cine,” published in 1305, among the medicines for the eyes Euphragia is one, = : 
is recommended both outwardly in a compound, distilled water, and inwardly as a 
* Edppazia, euphrasia, cheerfulness; as to its effect upon the spirits 
t Phy top., 442 me i Laie Es : 
through its benefit to the sight, 
