156-3 
transmitted light. It has an astringent, bitter taste, and an exceedingly acid 
reaction, 
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS.—Fuglandin. This body, extracted by Mer- 
rell, is spoken of as an impure resin; it probably contains the following principle, 
to which its action is doubtless due. 
Nucin:* this acid, acrid body, was first discovered in the green epicarps of 
Juglans regia. Wittstein represents it as forming reddish-yellow, glossy, brittle 
needles, dissolving copiously in alkalies and ether, less soluble in alcohol, and but 
slightly in water. Nucin gives a beautiful purple color with the borates and phos- 
phates of alkalies, and with subacetate of lead. Tannin,+§ resin,{§ volatile oil,+§ 
. fixed oil,f glucose, and a volatile acid,§ have also been determined, ? 
PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTION.—Juglandin, the extract of butternut, acts, ac- 
cording to Paine, as a drastic purge, producing irritation and inflammation of the 
mucous lining of the intestines, and if continued, its exhibition is followed by an 
exanthematous eruption much resembling the flush of scarlatina. It causes also a 
congestion of the portal circulation, and subsequent watery evacuations of the 
bowels. 
DESCRIPTION OF PLATE 156. 
1. End of flowering branch, with larger leaves removed ; Binghamton, N. Y., June 2d, 1884. 
2. Female flower (enlarged). 
Male flower (enlarged). 
. Stamen (enlarged). 
Section of ovary (enlarged). 
Hair of pubescence (x 50). 
Pollen (x 200). 
Half-grown leaf. 
Fruit. 
Co AN EY 
* Fuglandic acid (Thiebaud). + Thiebaud. t S. Witherill. 3 E. S. Dawson. 
