N. ORD.—ARACE. 167 
GENUS.—ARIS AEMA,* MART. 
SEX. SYST.—_MONCECIA POLYANDRIA. 
ARUM TRIPHYLLUM. 
INDIAN TURNIP. 
SYN.—ARISHMA TRIPHYLLUM, TORR.; ARUM TRIPHYLLUM, LINN.; 
ARISAAMA ATRORUBENS, BLUME. 
COM. NAMES. —INDIAN TURNIP, JACK-IN-THE-PULPIT, MEMORY-ROOT; 
(FR.) GOUET A TROIS FEUILLES; (GER.) DREIBLATTIGER ARON. 
A TINCTURE OF THE FRESH CORM OF ARISA'MA TRIPHYLLUM, TORR. 
Description.—This excessively acrid, almost caustic, erect herb, grows to a 
height of from 8 to 20 inches. oot a coarsely reticulated or wrinkled corm, 
giving off numerous branched rootlets from its juncture with the stalk. Stalk 
composed of the united petioles and scape, sheathed below by a few long mem- 
braneous scales. caves one or two, on long petioles, ternately divided ; /eaflets 
elliptical-ovate, pointed. Seafe central, smooth, surmounted by a single spadi- 
ceous flower. Sfathe convoluted below, expanded and forming an incurved arch 
above, covering the opening of the tube, green externally and brownish-purple 
within (A. atrorubens ?); or green without and within (4. triphyllum?). Spadix 
elongated, club-shaped, obtuse and naked above, longer than the tube of the 
spathe, constricted below and bearing the flowers at its insertion in the base of 
the spathe. /Yowers monoecious or sometimes androgynous by abortion, (Out 
of over five hundred specimens, green and purple, examined this spring (1884) 
only one androgynous spadix was found. In this the sterile flowers were, as 
usual, above the fertile.) Sterile flowers composed of a cluster of closely- 
appressed anthers; //ament very short and comparatively thick; anthers 2-4 
celled, opening at their summits by a pore or chink ; follen globular, transparent, 
the outer coat closely and regularly beset with minute knobs. Fertile flowers 
densely crowded in rows upon the lower portion of the spadix, like corn upon 
its cob, each flower consisting of a single pistil; ovary globular, 1-celled; style 
just apparent; ségma capitate, fringed; ovules orthotropal, standing erect from 
the base of the ovary. Fv after the decay of the spathe and extremity of the 
spadix, composed of few or many 4- to 6-seeded scarlet berries; eméryo in the 
centre of the albumen. 
* "Apov, avon, and onpa, sema ; marked arum, in allusion to the marked spathe. Arisarum, Tourn. 
