524 



The Dictionary of Gardening. 



CaYPTOPHOBANTHUS (from Icryptosy hidden, 

 jphoreo, to bear, and anthoSy a blossom ; in allusion to the 

 petals, lip, &c., being concealed within an almost closed 

 flower, the only opening into which is by a pair of small 

 " windows " at the side). Window-bearing Orchid. Ord. 

 OrchidecE. A cnrioua genus, with the habit of Pleuro- 

 thallis (section Aggregate), but differing from that genus 

 in the sepals being united into a short tube at the base 

 and again united at the apex — the only way into the 

 flower being by the small, window-like openings, one on 

 either side. From Masdevallia the genus differs in habit, 

 as also in the characters jnst given. Eight species are 

 known ; they are stove Orchids, ranging over an area 

 from the Weat Indies to the Andes and Brazil, The fol- 

 lowing species are now included here, the specific names 

 romaiumg unchanged : Matidevallia Dayana^ Jf. graci- 

 lentay M, hypodincus, and Pleurothallis atropurpurea. 

 For culture, see PleurothalliB, on p. 163, Vol. III. 



C. maculatas (spotted). JL yellow, densely spotted crimson, 

 numerous, ^in. lonjr. ubovojti. ubtu.ie, pubescent, situated at the 

 ba^e of tliti luuf on the vury Mhurt stem (hu uburt that the flowers 

 actually liu on the soil). I, elliptic, obtuse, very fleshy, with 

 nnuirronH purp!o spots or small blotches on the upper surface, 

 liiri. t<> 2iiu. U)i)i(. iin. to l^in. broad, the apex minutely tri- 

 Uwnliculate. l*robubly liraziUam A remarkable Uttl© plant. 



CBYPTOSTYLIS (from Irypiog, hidden, and stylos, 

 a pilliir, a Htyle ; in aUu^sion to the concealed style). The 



genorio description is given in tlie body of this work 

 uuJor Bluuiu'ti name, Zosterostylls (which see, on 

 p. *JU). 



C. longlfolia (louK-lcaved). d. three to ei;;ht. rather distant, 

 upwunU of lin. broad; sepalsi yolUiwisih-grewu, narrow; petals 

 the samp rotnnr, shorter; lip reil, with rerbUHh-brown markings, 

 piiritin^ upw.-inln, the short style hidden in the cucallate 

 bajw (Uunctt the K^iioric UHOle). I. aolitary« lanceolate, on long 

 BtiJkA A. 1ft. to 2fU TaamauLa, 1885. Urtienhouae. (O. C. 

 n. s., xxlll., p. 275.) 



CUPANIA. To the species described on p. 409, 

 Vol. I., the following shoald now be added; 



C. grandtdena (lar?e-toothed). I, impari-pinnate ; leaflets 

 nini". oblong, acurainate, sinuately lohed, 3in. to 4in. long. Stems 

 downy. Zanzibar, 1884. 



CURCULICK). This genus comprises abont a dozen 

 •peoieii of stove perennials, natives of tropical Asia, 

 An.^tralia, tropical and South Africa, and tropical America. 

 Plowor^ npicate or racemose ; perianth six-parted, the 

 Begmonts snb-eqnal, spreading; stamens six, affixed at 

 tho base of the segments ; whole inflorescence frequently 

 villoud. Fruit more or less succulent. Leaves radical, 

 often long-lanceolate, pHcate-vcined, sometimes very large. 

 To the species and varieties described on p, 410, Vol. I. 

 the following should now be added : 



C. deusa Cdeaae). L oblonsr-ovate, acute, plicate, dark creen 

 7T!\y^ rTh.hL ^ India, 1885. A pretty, decorative plant) 



CURCUMA. The species extend from tropical 

 America to tropical Australia and the South Pacific 

 I.-^lands, To those described on p. 411, Vol. I., the fol- 

 lowing should now be added; 



C. X-oopoldl (^P*;ld's). /. lanceoliite, pale green, striped with 

 crc;uuy-wUitj!. 1884. An attraotivo plant, of distinct character 

 growni;; \n thimp:*, and resembling a .Miisa in habit. * 



CYATHEA. This genua embraces about eighty 

 species, natives of tropical and sub-tropical regions To 

 tlmse described on p. 415, Vol. I., tho following should now 

 be added : 



a mlcrophyUa(Mmall-leaved). cau. 4ft. hijjh. stL and lachisGH 

 Tiuity.toiu««toH^. 7>'>»W* 2iU to 3ft. long, oblong-ovate, acu! 

 tuxnate triptuiuUe; ynnv.ivy mnn» sessile, broadly oblonlr 

 acuminate; ^ecundary onvi sauilar but smallor. cTowdeT- 

 pinniiU^!! scarcely two lines long, ovate-oblong, deeply ninnatiflfl ' 

 Ujbw entire MoH solitary at the base of the veinletriScre 

 globoid. AndeaofPoruaudKcuador, 1885. areenhoilae. 



C. «Dlnalo-^a (slUhtly spiuy). ,«. and main rachis strontlv 

 acul^ie. oft.-n dark purfAe. fronds glabrous, ample, aomevvhat 

 flaccid : pmaulo* obloiiK. acuminate: lobes acuU ««^n'Vl^. 





) 



CTCAS. About fifteen species, natives of tropical 



Asia, Africa, Australia, and Polynesia, are here included. 

 To those described on p. 416, Vol. I., the following should 

 now be added : 



C, Beddomei (Beddome's). Z. about 3ft. long and 9in. broad; 

 segments about Jin. broad ; rachis sub-quadrangular ; petiole 

 quadrangular, furnished at the base with tufted tomentum, and 

 in the upper third with a few minute teeth, cones (males) about 

 13in. long and 3in. in diameter, slightly stipitate, the scales 

 tapering from a deltoid base, acuminate. Stem (? young) a few 

 inches high, with closely imbricated, glabrescent leaf-ba-es. 

 India, 1885 Mr. Thiselton Dyer considers this a reduced form 

 of C. circinalis, (T. L. S., ser. ii., vol. ii., p. 85.) 



C. BsUefonti (Marquis de Bellefont's). I. recurved, glabrous, 

 elliptic, pinnatisect; leaflets sessile, linear-lanceolate, 3Mn. to 

 4in. long, acuminate at apex, thtj margins flat, glauce^^cent ; 

 petiole i short, spinulose at base, the spines small, straight. 

 Trunk short, cylindrical, erect, clothed with fuscous-greyish 

 scales. Tonkin, 1886. (I. H. 1886, 586.) - 



C. Duivenbodel (Duivenbode's). /. pinnate, 3ft. to 3Jft. long; 

 leaflets crowded, acummate, lin. broad. Trunk spiny, covered 

 with blackish-brown scales. Moluccas, 1886. 



CYCLAMEN- Improved seedling forms of C per- 

 sicum are now very numerous, and the cultivation of this 

 choice, winter-flowering, greenhouse plant is being greatly- 

 extended. The flowers become richer and more varied in 

 colour year by year. 0, giganteum, a type with large 

 flowers, produced some ten years since, has been greatly 

 improved; the flowers are blush, rosy-blush, or purplish- 

 rose. The most useful for greenhouse and conservatory 

 decoration is a good strain of the ordinary type. The 

 largest number of flowers are produced from single corms, 

 and the colours are more rich and varied. They are pure 

 white, of exquisite form, blush, rose, pink, rosy-red, and 

 purple; and a form exhibited in 1887 was quite crimson. 

 A new type, with peculiarly frilled petals, was introduced 

 in the spring of that year. Some of the best in the 

 various sections exhibited under names are as follow : 



Dixon Haktland, Lord Hillingdon, Majesticum, 

 Princess of Wales, Queen of Crimsons, and Eotal 

 Jtjbilee. 



CYCLANTHACE2:. A natural order of perennial 

 herbs or shrabs, all natives of tropical America. Flowers 

 moncecious, arranged in superposed cycles or in a con- 

 tinuoas spiral; spadices axillary, solitary, pedunculate, 

 simple, rather short, cylindrical or oblong ; spathes two to 

 six, inserted on the peduncle, including the immature 

 spadix, caducous; peduncle short or elongated, sheathing 

 at base. Leaves distichous or spirally disposed, petiolate, 

 flabellate, entire, bifid, or bipartite, parallel-nerved, com- 

 plicate in vernation ; petioles short or elongated, sheathing 

 at base. Carludovica palmata yields the much-valued 

 straw from which are manufactured Guayaquil or Panama 

 hats. The order embraces four genera.^Carludovica, Cy- 

 rlanthus, Lndoma, and Stelesbjlis — and, as at present 

 known, about thirty-five species. 



CYCLANTHtJS (from kyUos, a circle, and anthos, 

 a flower ; in allusion to the spiral arrangement of the 

 flowers), Syns. Cyclosanthes, Discanthus. Ord. Gy- 

 clanthaceoB, A small genus (four or five species?) of 

 stove, perennial, stemless, milky herbs. Flowers odorous, 

 the males and females superposed in alternate rings, or 

 disposed in a confluent spiral; spathes numerous; peduncle 

 very long, naked or bracteate, cylindrical. Leaves clns- 

 tered, long-petiolate, bifurcate; segments lanceolate, one- 

 ribbed, plicate, parallel-nerved ; petioles terete, sheathmg 

 at base. For culture of the two species introduced, see 

 Carludovica, on p. 268, Vol. I. 



C. bi partitas (bipartite). I plicate, sometimes entire, ovate- 

 lanceolate, but more frequently divided more or less deeply m tne 

 upper portion— sometimes even to the base— into two lanceouitj- 

 linear lobes ; petioles 3ft. to 6ft. long. Guiana. 



C. discolor (two-coloured). I bilid, th« two divisions lanceolate 

 With a tapered point, more or less frilled at the edjres; youn^ 

 leaves streaked with a tawny orange hue, which passes on as 

 they become matured, 1882. A remarkable plant. 



CYCLONEMA MACROSIFHON. See Cleroden- 

 4rQa macrosiplioii. 



