AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 43 
Galium—continued. 
exotic species) red, in axillary or terminal trichotomous 
cymes or panicles, sometimes reduced to small clusters; 
calyx completely combined with the ovary; corolla rotate, 
the tube scarcely perceptible, with four spreading lobes. 
The annuals require to be sown in any ordinary border, 
in March; the perennials should be divided at the same 
time. The genus is represented in the British flora 
by eleven species, the flowers of one of which—the golden- 
yellow-flowered Lady’s Bedstraw, G. verwm—are used 
in some districts to curdle milk, hence one of its popular 
names, Cheese Rennet. S 
GALLS. Excrescences of various kinds, produced by 
the deposit of the eggs of insects in the bark or leaves 
of plants. What is commonly known as the Oak Apple 
is caused by a Gall Fly (Andricus terminalis). When cut 
longitudinally, the Gall is seen to inclose a great number 
of granules, each containing a minute larva. The Rose 
Bedeguar, frequently seen on the Wild Rose, is the work 
of another Gall Fly (Rhodites rose). Cynips aptera, a 
hymenopterous wingless fly, causes large roundish Galls 
on the roots of the Oak, Elm, Beech, and other trees. 
Illustrations of the insect and the Galls it makes are 
given in the “ Gardeners’ Chronicle,” n. s., i. 19. 
GALPHIMIA (an anagram of Malpighia). ORD. 
Malpighiacee. This genus comprises about a dozen 
species of handsome stove evergreen shrubs, inhabitants 
of tropical and sub-tropical North America and Brazil. 
Flowers yellow or reddish, in terminal racemes. Leaves 
opposite, small. Galphimias thrive in a compost of peat 
and loam. Cuttings, made of the ripened wood, will root 
in sand, under a bell glass, in heat. 
G. glandulosa (glandular). jfi. yellow; petals oblong. April. 
l a a ymma Aest T — with two large ants at So. 
k. 3ft. to 4ft. Mexico, 1824. 
G. glauca (glaucous).* fi. yellow. J. ovate, obtuse, smooth, 
glaucous beneath, and with one tooth on each side at the base ; 
petioles without glands, Mexico, 1830. (B. H. 8,45.) - 
G. hirsuta (hairy). fl. yellow. September. J. ovate, acute, on 
short footstalks, hairy on both surfaces. h. 6ft. Mexico, 1824, 
Fic. 74. GALTONIA CANDICANS, showing Habit and detached 
ingle Flower. 
GALTONTIA (name commemorative of Francis Galton, 
author of a “Narrative of an Explorer in South Africa”). 
ORD. Liliaceew. A genus of a couple of species of very 
beautiful hardy bulbous plants, natives of South Africa. 
They are admirably adapted for growing in clumps in 
Galtonia—continued. 
borders, or for conservatory decoration. They prefer a 
rich leaf mould, with a little sandy peat added. Pro- 
pagated by offsets, or by seeds. 
G. ‘candicans (white).* ure white, large, fragrant, droopi 
funnel-shaped A — aboot ift long, fifteen to Sones lobar : 
scape (inclusive of raceme) erect, glaucous, about 4ft. long. 
Summer. Z. lorate-lanceolate, sub-erect, 24ft. ria Bulb Le 
round. Syn. Hyacinthus candicans. See Fig. 74. (R. H. 1882, j 
G. princeps (prince). This is — allied to the foregoing, 
but less ornamental, with broader and shorter racemes and smaller, 
greenish flowers, with spreading segments. (Ref. B. 175.) 
GAMOCHLAMYS. Included under Spathantheum., 
GAMOSEPALOUS. When the sepals are joined 
together. 
GARCIANA. A synonym of Philydrum. 
GARCINIA (named in honour of Laurence Garcin, 
M.D., a French botanist and traveller in India, author 
of numerous botanical memoirs), Syns. Cambogia, Man- 
gostana, and Oxycarpus. ORD. Guttifere. A genus 
comprising about forty species of stove evergreen 
fruit-bearing trees. Flowers usually solitary at the tops 
of the branches. The fruit is very delicious and re- 
freshing. Leaves coriaceous or rarely sub-membrana- _ 
ceous. Garcinias thrive in a peat and loam compost. 
Cuttings of ripened shoots will root, if inserted in sand, 
under a glass, in strong bottom heat. The species here 
described are, perhaps, the best known to cultivation. 
. Cam e. fl. yellow, terminal, solitary. Novem- 
“i Jr. about par in di tote: drooping, on — lin. in 
length. zł. elliptic, tapering to both ends, 5in. long. h. 40ft. 
Branches spreading, opposite. East Indies, 1822. (B. F. S. 85.) 
> , . inai. 
A uate OAN Con’ cies ts Se 
covered with a dark popie juiceless bark. J. opposite, oblong. _ 
h. 20ft. East Indies, 1 
v. edible, 
h, 60ft. 
G. Cowa (Cowa). M. yellow, terminal. 
though not the most palatable. l. broad-lanceolate, 
Chittagong, 1822, A middle-sized handsome tree, yielding an 
inferior kind of gamboge. 
G. Mangostana.* Mangosteen. fl. red, resembling a single rose, 
composed of four roundish petals, which are thick at the base, 
but thinner towards the margins, terminal, solitary, fr. round. 
about the size of a medium orange; it is esteemed one of the 
most delicious fruits in the world. Z. elliptic-oblong, acuminated, 
Tin. or 8in. long. h. 20ft. Molucca Islands, 1789. (b. M. 4847.) - 
G. Morella (Morella). fi. yellowish; panicles terminal and 
lateral. fr. small, edible, in shape and size resembl the 
Morello Cherry (whence the specific name). Z. oblong-ellipti 
tapering to both ends. h. 30ft. to 50ft. Ceylon, Siam, East Indies, 
— E is, ramt yields the Ceylon gamboge of commerce, 
GARDEN. A Garden is usually understood to mean — 
a piece of land of any description or size, attached to, or 
connected with, a residence, = — agers for wae 
urpose of growing vegetab fruits for the supply 
of pw household, or for the cultivation of plants and 
flowers for the embellishment of any part of the house 
or the Garden itself. The results attending the culture 
of vegetables and fruits are of the greatest national 
importance, as representing a necessary source for sup- 
plying wholesome food, which it would be impossible 
to obtain unless care were bestowed in preparing the 
land and cultivating the crops annually, according as each 
may require. Flowers, and the plants specially grown 
for producing them, have a universal charm, presenting 
a means of endless study and enjoyment to all who 
properly appreciate their worth. The value of making 
a Garden of some description wherever practicable in 
conjunction with every dwelling house, cannot be over- 
estimated, as it invariably tends to promote health and 
enjoyment. There is an extremely wide range in its 
application, admitting unlimited arrangements according 
February. 
to the amount of available space to be inclosed or the 
requirements and taste of those persons who have to 
incur the expense of preparing or keeping it up. In 
large towns, the value of land precludes the possibility 
of obtaining any more than a limited portion as Garden 
ground, yet this should be utilised to the fullest extent 
