Grafting—continued. 
pot plant (as shown in Fig. 145) that may be taken 
to any place desired, or one planted in close proximity 
to the stock. A similar portion of wood should be re- 
moved from both the parts intended for joining, and 
they must be carefully fitted together and secured with 
Fic. 145. GRAFTING BY APPROACH, 
tying material and a bandage. Sometimes, a tongue is 
cut in the plant forming the scion, and made to fit into a 
corresponding notch in the stock at the point where the 
barks meet. In other methods of Inarching, the stock 
is cut off and the scion inserted on or near its point ; 
and for restoring defective parts, the terminal point of 
the scion is cut with a thin edge, as for a splice-graft, 
and inserted where required. Grafting by Approach is 
much practised with Vines for obtaining fruiting wood 
of any particular kind in a shorter time than would be 
possible by ordinary propagation. Some varieties also 
succeed better when grafted on a stock which is more 
vigorous than their own. After the cut portions heal 
and become established, the work of detaching them from 
their own roots, and removing the branches from the 
upper extremity of the stock, must be very gradually 
performed, to avoid extreme checks. 
Herbaceous Grafting, as its name indicates, is applic- 
able for increasing plants when still growing, but, at the 
same time, becoming solidified and passing into an her- 
baceous state. The system has been applied with success 
in Grafting the Melon on the Cucumber, the Tomato on 
the Potato, dwarf species of cacti on tall ones, &c. Its 
chief advantage, however, is in the increase of resinous 
trees, principally Pines, by inserting grafts on the points 
of commoner species, which may be used as stocks. The 
proper time for the operation is in May, when the 
young shoots are just beginning to grow, or else when 
growth stops and the shoots begin changing to a woody 
nature. Stock and scion should be, if possible, similar 
in texture. The former must be cut off just below the 
terminal buds, and nearly all the leaves removed from 
the point thus obtained. This should be carefully split, 
and the scion prepared wedge -shaped, and inserted 
rather deeply, allowing the barks to coincide, as in all 
other methods. Tie in with worsted, cover the cuts 
AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA 
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OF HORTICULTURE. 91 
Grafting —continued. 
with grafting wax, atid shade them 
paper caps until growth is resumed. The Walnut may 
be. successfully propagated by terminal Herbaceous 
Grafting, employing shoots for both scion and stock 
that have not become woody. These trees may also be 
terminal-grafted in spring, just before growth com- 
mences, 
Root-grafting is practicable with many plants, either 
on their own roots or on those of others, and a larger 
stock is obtainable of such as succeed than by any other 
method. Good roots should be secured as stocks when 
the plants bearing them are in a dormant state, and the 
grafts inserted, in most cases, when the sap begins to 
flow in spring. Large fleshy roots, such as Dahlias and 
Tree Pwonies, should have a notch cut in a triangular 
form, about 14in. long, and the shoot or graft similarly 
from sunshine by 
Fic. 146. RooT-GRAFTING (DAHLIA). 
prepared and made to fit therein (see Fig. 146). Other 
plants largely propagated by Root-grafting are Bignonias, 
Clematis, Hollyhocks, and Wistarias. 
roots is sometimes employed. = x ex ee 
GRAFTING CLAY. This consists of two parts — 
clay and one of cow-dung. Some persons make an ad- 
dition of finely-cut hay, as being of use in preventing the 
Clay from cracking and falling off. These ingredients 
should be beaten together, and thoroughly mixed, several 
weeks before being required for use, and be then occa- 
sionally turned and mixed again. If a cavity is made 
in the top of the heap, and filled with water, the whole 
bulk may be kept moist for a long time. Grafting Clay 
is an economical composition, most useful for excluding 
air and moisture until a union in the stock and scion 
is effected. 
GRAFTING WAX. In grafting small or delicate i 
the use of clay is scarcely practicable, and 
— compositions of different substances have been 
prepared for answering the same purpose. It is essen- 
tial that whatever is used should not be injurious to 
the cuts which have to be covered, either by drying or 
i them up. 
— She action of natural heat and moisture. What is 
known as warm mastic is applied in a lukewarm state, 
by means of a small brush or broad wooden label. A good 
Grafting Wax for using lukewarm may be made of three 
parts each of resin and beeswax, and two parts of 
tallow; or these ingredients may be prepared in equal 
