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AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 119 
Heating— continued. 
warmed; an additional amount of purity in the air being 
claimed by the inventor in consequence of this process. 
The Syphon Condensing Stove is considered useful and 
available for small lean-to or other houses, containing a 
cubic capacity of from 600ft. to 800ft., in places inacces- 
sible to a hot-water apparatus, 
Fig. 181. MINERAL OIL STOVE, WITH DOUBLE BURNERS. 
Mineral oil stoves (see Fig. 181) are perforce used by 
amateurs for excluding frost from small houses in winter. 
They are objectionable on account of the strong smell 
caused by the oil when burning, but are useful where no 
other means of Heating can be procured, or as a sub- 
stitute at times when a permanent apparatus gets out 
of order. Large oil stoves with double burners emit a 
considerable amount of heat, and materially raise the 
temperature in a small house. 
All boilers should be provided with a tap near the 
bottom, for emptying, in case of repairs, or for removing 
sediment that collects inside. Air taps must be fixed in 
the highest points of the flow pipes, or, better still, a small 
lead tube may be connected and carried up the, inside of 
the house, higher than the level of any part of the 
apparatus. Hot-water pipes are usually made of cast iron, 
and the joints may be connected with various compositions, 
such as cement, red and white lead mixed, steel filings, &c. 
Each substance is largely used by different Heating 
engineers, the last-named being perhaps the oldest, and— 
when mixed with the proper proportion of sal-ammoniac, 
and a little sulphur, to cause rusting — the most sub- 
stantial method; it is, however, more difficult to dis- 
connect joints made with this preparation than when red 
lead is employed. Strong hemp packing, in addition, will 
be requisite in either case. Some persons prefer joints 
made with flanges, and screwed together, with vulcanised 
indiarubber washers between. These occupy more space 
Heating—continued. 
than ordinary sockets, but have the advantage of being 
easily replaced. Indiarubber rings also make good joints, 
and are quickly renewed or removed in cases of neces- 
sity. They are made of the proper size, and placed on 
the smaller end of one pipe, which is then pushed into 
the socket end of the other. All pipes in use should rest 
on firm walls or stands prepared for them; sufficient room 
for expansion being allowed on each side, and at the ends. 
To insure a free circulation, the interior must be kept 
free from air, and all valves should be capable of open- 
ing a waterway as nearly as possible the full size of 
the pipe. A water cistern must be provided, and fixed 
at a higher level than any part of the apparatus it 
has to keep supplied. 
HEBECLADUS (from hebe, pubescence, and klados, 
a branch; in reference to the hairiness of the young 
shoots). ORD. Solanacew. A genus containing about five 
species of stove perennial herbs or sub-shrubs, natives of 
Western tropical America. They thrive in a rich sandy 
loam and leaf mould. Propagated by cuttings, made 
from half-ripened wood, and inserted in sand, under a 
bell glass, in bottom heat. 
H. biflorus (two-flowered). is potencies axillary, solitary, 
forked or trifid, bearing two (rarely three) handsome drooping 
flowers ; calyx glabrous, with five spreading segments ; corolla 
of two colours, lin. or more long ; tube conico-cylindrical, purple, 
hairy, striated ; limb of five spreading, green, narrow-lanceolate 
segments ; stamens much exserted ; anthers blue-purple. August. 
l., lower ones solitary, alternate; upper ones in unequal pairs, 
sub-ovate, shortly tiolate, acute. Branches more or less 
— terete, glabrous. Andes of Peru, 1844. Sub-shrub. 
(B. M. 4192.) 
H. ventricosus (ventricose). /l. one or two together, on short 
drooping peduncles from the axils of the leaves; calyx finely 
ubescent, toothed ; corolla pale yellow, 4in. broad and deep; 
imb toothed. Summer. fr. a large, glabrous, poisonous berry. 
l. shortly stalked, ovate, acute, entire, or slightly sinuate- 
dentate ; upper surface bright medium green; the lower paler. 
h. 3ft. to 4ft. Peru. Shrub. (Ref. B. 208.) 
HEBECLINIUM. See Eupatorium, 
HEBENSTRETIA (named in honour of John Ernest 
Hebenstreit, 1703-1757, Professor of Botany in the Uni- 
versity of Leipsic). ORD. Selagineæ. A genus contain- 
ing about twenty species of greenhouse evergreen shrubs, 
sub-shrubs, or annual herbs, natives of South Africa 
(one extending to Abyssinia), few of which are seen in 
cultivation. Flowers white or yellow, sessile; spikes 
terminal, often dense, short or elongated. Leaves alter- 
nate or scattered. The species thrive in a compost of 
sandy fibry loam, with the addition of a little peat. 
Propagated by cuttings, made of short young shoots, and 
inserted in sandy peat, under a bell glass, in spring. 
H. dentata is increased by seed. 
tata (toothed). . white; spikes smooth. May to 
eptember iene” tosched. h. lft. 1739. Annual. (B. M. 
-) 
ticosa (shrubb: white, in oblong spikes, disagreeably 
— at stant ` —— — bipartite ; corolla tube longer than 
calyx, filiform ; bracts entire, ovate, acuminate, sometimes ciliate. 
August L linear-lanceolate, dentate or rather pinnatifid-dentate, 
smooth when full grown ; young ones somewhat hairy along the 
midrib on the under side. tems shrubby. A. lift. 1816. 
(B. M. 1970.) f 
H. (entire-leaved). fl. white. May and June. 1 
linear, quite entire. /. 1ft. 1792. (A. B. R. 252.) 
(named after J. H. G. Hecht, a Prussian 
Counsellor, who died in 1837). Orn. Bromeliacee. A 
genus containing about six species of pretty greenhouse 
herbs. Flowers small, disposed in a compound spike. 
Leaves long, spiny, crowded, recurved, subulate, linear. 
For culture, see Tillan — 
H. (silvery).* fl. white, small, in globose clusters. L 
in a dense rosette, sharply recurved, rigid, 1}ft. to 2ft. long. 
General habit of H. Ghiesbreghtii, but very distinct by reason of 
the dense silvery coating of both leaf surfaces. Mexico. 
es (Cordyline-like). f. numerous, small, in a 
— — panicle. l. lanceolate, recurved, remotely and 
strongly saw-toothed. Mexico, 1881, Habit tufted. (B. M. 
6554.) 
