AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 
Heliotropium—continued. 
of ornamental, strigose, greenhouse or hardy annual 
herbs or sub-shrubs, rarely shrubs, widely dispersed 
throughout the tropical and sub-tropical regions, with 
eight species reaching to Europe. Flowers blue or 
white, small, in circinate, secund spikes; corolla salver- 
shaped. Leaves alternate, rarely sub-opposite. H. peru- 
vianum and its varieties are amongst the most popular 
of cultivated plants, on account of the fragrant smell 
emitted by their flowers. The plants do not require any 
great amount of heat, but none are more quickly injured 
by cold, especially when this reaches the freezing point. 
They may be grown as dwarf decorative subjects, in 
small pots, or treated as large pyramid and standard 
specimens. Some of the varieties are very dwarf, and 
are useful for summer bedding. Old specimens of taller- 
growing ones are frequently found trained on the back 
wall of a warm greenhouse. 
Cultivation. Heliotropiums, or Heliotropes, as they 
are more popularly called, may be readily increased from 
seeds or cuttings; the latter method being adopted 
with named varieties. Young growing points make the 
best cuttings; and early Spring, or the month of August, 
is a good time for inserting them. If old plants are 
grown in heat, cuttings from them root quickly in a 
close frame, and their points may afterwards be used 
for increasing stock in preference to others not growing 
so vigorously. The young plants should be potted off 
singly, and grown on in a temperature of about 60deg., 
repotting in larger sizes as becomes requisite, and ac- 
cording to the shape or size of plant required. Cuttings 
intended for standards should be inserted in the autumn, 
and kept growing all the winter, with a single stem, 
until they reach the desired height, when the points 
may be stopped, and the side branches will soon form a 
head. Old plants may be grown as standards several 
years in comparatively small pots, by reducing and pot- 
ting up again in new soil each year. The heads may 
be trained on trellises, or the branches merely tied in 
to each other. Large pyramids can be grown in one 
year by an autumn insertion of cuttings, and due atten- 
tion. They should be transferred to the full-sized pots 
as soon as. possible, in proportion to their growth, and 
each trained to a pyramid trellis of any ordinary size. 
Small decorative plants may be grown to flower in šin. 
or Gin. pots, by keeping them pinched when young. Cut- 
tings of varieties used for bedding, should be taken about 
the middle of August, inserted rather thickly in pots 
or pans, and placed in a close frame. These should be 
kept as a stock for spring propagating, and may then 
be thrown away, as young plants are preferable. Being 
extremely tender, none should be planted out until June, 
when the bedding season is nearly over. Standards or 
others, intended for winter flowering, are best placed 
outside in a warm position, in summer, to thoroughly ripen 
them. They should be housed by September, and kept 
n a temperature of about 55deg. in winter. 
H. convolvulaceum (Convolvulus-flowered)* ji. white, sweet- 
Scented, opening at night, generally opposite the leaves and 
terminal, short-peduncled ; corolla limb ample, angulate-lobed. 
Summer. Z. lanceolate, or sometimes nearly ovate, and some- 
times linear, short-petioled. t 2ft. New Mexico, 1867. An 
Ea showy hardy annual plant. (B. M. 5615.) ' 
í .* fl. lilac; spikes terminal, a 
gate, corymbosa’; — Prieta and to Samba. 
— h. 4ft. Peru, 1808. Greenhouse shrub. 
H. curassavicum (Cu , corolla limb ample, five-lobed ; 
throat white, with Lf ` eee —— spikes mostly in pairs or 
twice-forked, densely flow June and July, l. linear-lanceo- 
, glaucous, smooth, opposite and alternate. West 
Indies, 1731. Stove sub-shrub. (B. M. 2669.) 
H, indicum (Indian).* fl. bluish; spikes mostly single, densely- 
flowered, becoming Qin. to lft. long. June to August. J. ovate 
or oval, rather cordate, on margined petioles, obscurely serrate 
or undulate. Stem herbaceous. A. lft, West Indies, 1713. 
Stove annual. (B. M. 1837.) 
Heliotropium— continued. 
H, luteum (yellow). f. n, yellow, h 
October. 7. stalked. — sige oy h. 
1779, Greenhouse. (B. 
Sruticosa.) 
rateriform. June to 
ft. North Africa, &c., 
R. 464, under name of Tournefortia 
FIG. 209, HELIOTROPIUM PERUVIANUM, showing Habit and 
detached Inflorescence. : 
H. peruvianum (Peruvian).* Common Heliotrope ; Cherry Pie. 
Jl. very fragrant ; spikes terminal, branched, by threes and fours, — 
rarely compound. J. petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, wrinkled, repand, 
hairy. Stem shrubby. Peru, 1757. Greenhouse. See Fig. 209. 
(B. M. 141.) 
H. Voltairean 
hybrid. Greenhouse. ; 
Varieties. Of the numerous varieties in cultivation, the 
subjoined list is a good selection, most of them being of 
continental origin. For reference and selection, the list 
is further divided into classes, according to the colour 
of the flowers and foliage. Those marked with an aste- 
risk are recommended either for their general floriférous 
habit or for their highly-perfumed flowers. 
ADELE, flowers dark lilac, trusses. very large ; leaves — green, 
rough; vigorous, free-flowering habit. BOUQUET RFEUME, 
flowers dark, trusses medium size ; very dwarf floriferous habit ; 
an excellent variety. BUFFON, flowers pale lilac, trusses medium 
size ; tallfree-growing habit. FLEUR D’ET#, flowers lilac, trusses 
medium; foliage dark green; rather shy-flowering. MADAME 
BARBEY, flowers pale-coloured, trusses small ; foliage pale — 
MADAME DE BLOUAY, flowers pale trusses large ; 
lilae, 
pale green. MADAME E. SCHILLER, flowers dark -colou 
trusses small; leaves long, narrow. MADAME JUBBINGER, 
flowers and leaves very dark; floriferous habit; good. MADAME 
M. Koprr, flowers whitish-lilac, trusses medium ; leaves rough. 
MADAME P. ATHLES, flowers -coloured, trusses large, very 
freely produced ; foliage very dark ; — Miss NIGHTINGALE, 
flowers dark lilac; dwarf floriferous habit; one of the best for 
bedding. M. : 
very free. ROSE CLAIR, flov 
very plentiful ; foliage intensely i ; 
whitish-lilac, becoming rly white under glass, trusses very 
large, free ; fine variety for winter flowering. 
dark-coloured, 
Class I. and Flowers 
aas T ee NIGHTINGALE, *ROSE CLAIR. os 
UFFON, 
Flowers pale-coloured. 
—“ Toe relra DE BLOUAY, MADAME M. KOPFF, 
*M. VILGRAIN, *WHITE LADY. _ af a 
Foliage green, Flowers ured. 
— AUE: PERFUME, FLEUR DETÉ, —— J 
SCHILLER, *MADAME P. ATHLES. 
HELIPTERUM (from helios, the sun, and pteron, 
a wing; referring to plumed pappus). Including Astelma 
and Rhodanthe. ORD. Composite. A genus comprising 
forty-two species of half-hardy annual or perennial herbs, 
rarely small shrubs, of which twelve are from South 
Africa, and the rest from Australia. The genus is 
closely allied to Helichrysum, but is distinguished from 
it by having the hairs of the pappus plumose or feathery, 
instead of pilose (rough). Helipterums may be raised 
from seeds, sown rather thickly in the open ground, 
about the end of March. A rather-rich soil and warm 
*MADAME 
' position should be selected. H. Manglesii is a pretty 
um (Voltaire's), ji. violet. A fine dwarf-growing 
