AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 137 
Heracleum—continued. 
known to cultivation, Heracleums are not possessed of 
any very special recommendations. They are best adapted 
for growing in shrubberies, rough parts of pleasure 
grounds, or on the margins of water, being too coarse 
for the flower garden. They succeed in almost any kind 
of soil. Increased readily by seeds, or by divisions. The 
species are much confused. 
H. giganteum (gigantic). A synonym of H. villosum. 
H. setosum (bristly). /. ternate ; leaflets petiolate, distantly five- 
lobed ; lobes dentate. Stem, petioles, and leaves hispid. South 
Europe. See Fig. 220. 
Fig. 222. UMBEL OF HERACLEUM SIBIRICUM, 
H. sibiricum (Siberian). f. yellowish, not radiating; umbels 
large. Summer. 2. pinnate, rough from hairs; leaflets ovate or 
er . h. 5ft. to 6ft. Europe, Asia, 1789. See Figs. 221 
an § 
H. villosum (villose). fl. white; umbels many-rayed. Z 
pinnatifid, deeply toothed. Stem 10ft. to 12ft. high. Caucasus, 
1820. This species has, of late years, been extensively cultivated, 
on account of its large size and commanding appearance. SYN. 
H. giganteum. 
HERBACEOUS. Thin, green, and cellular, as -the 
tissue of membranous leaves. Also, producing an annual 
stem from a perennial root. 
HERBACEOUS PLANTS. A term generally ap- 
plied to any border perennials which are not shrubby 
in habit, 
HERBARIUM. A collection of dried plants, sys- 
tematically arranged. 
HERBERTIA (named after Dr. Wm. Herbert, 1778- 
1847, once Dean of Manchester, and a distinguished 
botanist, famous for his knowledge of bulbous plants). 
Orv. Iridee. A genus (now referred by Bentham and 
Hooker to Alophia) of some half-dozen species of pretty 
haif-hardy bulbous plants, allied to Tigridia; natives of 
Texas, Chili, and South Brazil. -The species are rarely 
seen in gardens, and, in all probability, those described 
below are the only ones yet introduced. Flowers blue or 
yellow, pretty, produced at the top of a short scape; 
perianth short-tubed, six-parted, the outer segments tri- 
, acute, and reflexed, and the shorter inner ones 
rounded and erect. The species thrive in sandy loam and 
peat. Propagated by seeds, or by offsets. 
H, cærnlea (blue).* A. peduncles shorter than the bracts ; claws 
of sepals white, blue-dotted ; segments blue, spotted; petals blue, 
acute ; anthers and stigmas short. l. grass-like, ribbed, narrowed 
to both ends. h. 6in. Texas. (B. M. 3862, Fig. 3.) 
H. Drummondiana (Drummond's). A. violet; sepals spotted 
with white on claws: petals small, recurved. June to August. 
l. broad, plicate, 6in. long. Texas, 1839. 
pulchella : ; peri s nts 
M aon duly bento ai tour sada. pliente 
— Chili and South Brazil, 1827. (B. M. 3862, Figs, 1 
HERE OF GRACE. Se Ruta graveolens. 
HERB-PARIS. See Paris quadrifolia. 
HERB-PATIENCE. See Patience. 
Vol. IL 
HERE- ROBERT. See Geranium Roberti- 
anum, 
HERBS. In many gardens, the cultivation of Herbs 
does not receive the attention their usefulness deserves. 
Some sorts are rarely required, beyond a small portion 
of their leaves for flavouring ; still, in many cases, the ` 
flavour cannot be obtained from any other material. Those 
which are herbaceous perennials—Horehound and Mint, 
for instance—should be cut on a dry day, in summer, when 
the flowers are just fully opened, and dried slowly in a 
cool shed for winter use. The annuals and evergreen 
perennials are best if procurable in a green state; but 
several of them answer their purpose when dried, and 
some should, consequently, be kept in reserve. Herbs 
should always be dried slowly, and not placed in the 
sun nor in fire heat. The flavour may be preserved much 
better by rubbing off the leaves when they are quite 
dry, and corking them close in wide-mouthed bottles. A 
piece of ground specially devoted to Herbs, is the best 
arrangement in any garden; at least, for the cultivation 
of those of which only a few plants need be kept. Plenty 
of room should be allowed for getting amongst them to 
gather any particular sort, and to keep the soil hoed. 
Part of the space might be devoted to the annual sorts, 
in preference to placing them amongst other crops in 
different parts of the garden. Parsley requires special 
treatment and attention, as it is always of great im- 
portance for garnishing. The following list comprises 
most of the useful Herbs in cultivation for flavouring 
purposes, &c.: Angelica, Balm, Basil (Bush and Sweet), 
Borage, Burnet, Carraway, Chamomile, Chervil, Chives, 
Coriander, Dill, Fennel, Horehound, Hyssop; Lavender, 
Marigold, Marjoram (Sweet), Mint, Parsley, Pennyroyal, 
Purslane, Rosemary, Rue, Sage, Savory (Summer and 
Winter), Southernwood, Tansy, Tarragon, Thyme, and 
Wormwood, 
HERCULES’ CLUB. See Xanthoxylum Clava- 
Herculis. 
HERITIERA (named after Charles Louis L’Héritier, 
1746-1800, a celebrated French botanist). Looking-glass 
Tree. Syn. Balanopteris. ORD. Sterculiacew. A genus — 
comprising about three species of stove evergreen trees, 
found on the shores of tropical Asia and Australia. 
Flowers unisexual, small, disposed in axillary panicles. — 
Leaves undivided, coriaceous, penninerved, silvery-white 
underneath (whence the common name). Heritieras thrive 
in sandy loam. Large ripened cuttings will root freely in 
sand, under a glass, in moist heat, Sea — 
g , sounded ah thie bale Silvery beneath. Tropical coasts — 
of Old World, 1780. Sat SOT ATAA Pints 
H. macrophylla (large-leaved).* This resembles H. littoralis, <i 
but has larger leaves and sub-erect fruit, ‘India, &c. : — 
HERMANNTA (named after Paul Hermann, 1646- 7Y ` 
1695, at one time Professor. of Botany at Leyden). AG 
large genus of evergreen shrubs, “> 
generally clothed with starry tomentum. Flowers usnally 2 
yellow, drooping ; peduncles axillary, and few - flowered. Es 
Leaves dentate or incised. About eighty species have [> 
been described, but very few are in cultivation. Three (> 
are natives of Mexico or Texas, four of tropical Africa or »2 
Arabia; all the rest are extra-tropical South African. 2 
For culture, see Mahernia. ; eo 
 (Mallow-leaved). A ellow or J 
— 
uly. e nel 
— i St. Capeot Good Hope, 1728. BM 07} ; 
flammea (flame).* /l. orange-coloured or red ; peduncles one or 
z. ee racemes terminal. Summer. l. ; 
shaped, lanceolate, truncated, and toothed at the apex. A. 
to 3it. Cape of Good Hope, 1794. (B. M. 1349.) 
HERMANNIEZ. A tribe of Sterculiacee. 
HERMAPHRODITE. Containing both male and 
female organs. 
r 
