t 
. the flies in 
litle sauna 
AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE, 149 
= Hollyhock—continued. 
fine; QUEEN OF WHITES, white, large flower, and fine spike; 
UEEN OF YELLOWS, golden-yellow, large spike, extra ; SCARLET 
EM, bright scarlet; SULTAN, purple, e flower; W. Back- 
HOUSE, bright rose; W. THOMSON, purple, large flower and fine 
HOLLYHOCK FUNGUS (Puccinia Malvacearwm). 
This fungus is met with on several species of the order 
Malwvacee, but is particularly hurtful to the Hollyhock. It 
forms on the lower (seldom on the upper) surface of the 
leaves small raised spots, at first red-brown, but becoming 
darker. On the other side of the leaf, the spot is indicated 
by a discoloured mark. If the attack is severe, the leaves 
are destroyed, and the plants perish. On microscopic 
examination, the raised spots are found to be made up 
of spores of a Puccinia supported on very long hyaline 
pedicels. These spores are at first covered by the epiderm, 
but are exposed by bursting through it. This fungus is 
known only in the Puccinia form; and the spores have 
been found to germinate almost as soon as mature. The 
rapid germination explains, probably, the wide and speedy 
diffusion of the fungus in Europe, in the years 1873 
and 1874. It is believed to be a native of Chili, from 
which country the types of the species were obtained 
by Montagne. In Europe, it was first observed as dan- 
gerous to Hollyhocks in 1873; though specimens were 
found in Spain as early as 1869. In the former year, it 
appeared, almost simultaneously, in France and in various 
places in England; and, in the autumn, in Germany also. 
Next year, it spread through Germany, Holland, Hungary, 
and parts of Italy. For a time, it proved most destrue- 
tive to Hollyhocks; but, as has occurred with other 
parasitic rang, its virulence has greatly abated in later 
years. The best means of treatment is to destroy all 
leaves as soon as they show signs of being attacked, 
and to prevent the growth of the other food-plants of 
the fungus in the neighbourhood of Hollyhocks. 
HOLLY-LEAF FLY (Phytomyza Ilicis). Holly 
leaves are very often disfigured by irregular pale blotches 
on the upper surface. ‘These are spaces mined in the 
green cellular tissue, and are the work of the larve of 
the Holly-leaf Fly. Usually, two or three larve are to 
be found in a leaf, each in its own mine. They are 
under a line in length, yellowish-white, with black 
_ Mouth, The small, oval, brown-ringed pup» may be 
found in the mine, covered by the lower epiderm of 
the leaf; and there they remain all winter, disclosing 
early summer of the next year. The fly 
is rather under one line long, black, with proboscis pale 
yellow, except the black palpi and hairs; knees and base 
of tibie paler; wings transparent, much longer than 
The most successful way to destroy the 
g to be the removal and burning of the 
mined leaves; but this is hardly necessary, except in 
very select varieties of the plants, since the mines do 
not appear to cause much injury, unless very numerous. 
HOLLY, SEA. Sce Eryngium maritimum. 
HOLM OAK. See Quercus Ilex. 
: LDIA (named after Theodor Holms- 
kiold, 1732-1794, a Danish botanist). SeN. Hastingia. 
ORD. Verbenacee, This genus comprises three species of 
home or hoary pubescent shrubs. Flowers in shortly- 
cymes, or crowded at the tips of the 
Leaves opposite, entire or dentate. H. sanguinea, 
species yet introduced, is a stove evergreen 
It thrives in any light, rich soil. Cuttings root 
stalk 
shoots, 
the 
shrub, 
 Xeadily in sandy soil, under glass, in heat. 
sanguinea (blood-coloured). /l. scarlet, 
of a few two to four-flowered whorls ; 
campanulate ; corolla 
n md 
 HOLOGYMNE. Now included under Lasthenia 
(which see), i 
HOLOSERICEOUS. Covered all over with 
’ over silky 
HOMALANTHUS (from homalos, smooth, and 
anthos, a flower). Syn. Caruwmbium. ORD. Euphorbiacem, 
A genus of seven or eight species of stove evergreen 
shrubs, natives of the Malayan , the Pacific 
Islands, and Australia. Flowers unisexual, i picuous, 
in terminal racemes. Leaves entire, long-stalked. For 
culture, see stove species of Euphorbia, 
H. fastuowus (proud). Jl. greenish. l peltate. Philippines, 
polyandrum tamened). Z alternate, broad 
st glaucescent- seen above “che vinous- purple neath “Lord . 
with a glabrous terete stem. ee y 
lar-) h. k h. 
Faustin Ie E 160, carton ‘name ef onn a 
HOMALIEZX. A tribo of Samydacea, 
HOMALOMENA (from homalos, flat, and nema, a 
filament; alluding to the shape of the stamens). 
Curmeria. Syn. Homalonema, 
m, Rated in te middi hotoninale oh toe a 
cream-coloured, L al ; 
ubescent, deeply cordately two- 3 
Phen een a 
H, picturata (painted). ft, 
rya ge Co basa Jones om . silvery-white band. 
e W a narrow - 
h. din. to Sin.” Columbia, 1873. (R. G. 1877, 89L) 
Roezlii (Roezl’:),* /., spathe olive-brown outside, creamy 
—— ton hong. pets ovate-oblong rounded or eg 4 
yellow Br sag h. 6in, Columbia, 1675. tare. STA, 00h, aaia 
name of Curmeria Roezlii.) i : 
H. rubescens (reddish). A synonym of F. rubra, 
rubra (red $ spatii» sub-cylindrical, convolute, reddish- 
eg le without wien within: — sadittate-cordate, ——— 
— mejia =a purplish ; petiole deep red. A. lft. to i Java, 
1870. Syn. H. rubescens, : 
Wallisii (Wallis’s).* /., spathe about 3in. long, constricted in 
—— ahs r x red, nearly as long as the 
l. shortly stalked, oblique, ovate-oblong, 
slightly tapering at th : 
bordered with a white edge, 
on the ant surface. 
(B. M. .) 
m, Wenaianan o» 
below; petioles 24. fong, 
(which see). ee 
Africa. Sees amaliy — 
yellow, very showy, and enduring ; 
Leaves linear-ensiform. For 
scapes y, 
culture, see Ixia. 
— When all the florets of a capi- 
| HOMOGENEOUS. Having a uniform nature or 
