AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 155 
Hovea— continued. 
H. longifolia (long-leaved). fl. very shortly pedicellate, in axil- 
lary clusters, which sometimes grow out into interrupted spikes 
` or racemes, or rarely solitary. July, J. oblong-lanceolate or 
linear, obtuse, with or without a small callous point, all under 
Zin. long in some varieties, in others all above 2in., thickly 
coriaceous, with flat recurved or revolute margins. h. 8ft. to 10ft. 
1805. The following forms, usually considered as distinct species, . 
are, according to Bentham, merely varieties of above: lanceolata 
(H. lanceolata, B. M. 1624; H. purpurea, L. B. C. 1457); normalis 
(H. longifolia, B. R. 614; H. racemulosa, B. R. 1843, 4); and 
pannosa (H. pannosa, B. M. 3053; H. purpurea, B. R. 1423). 
H. pungens (stinging).* fl. blue, one to three together on short 
pedicels. Z. linear or lanceolate, jin. to lin. long, very spreading, 
rigidly coriaceous, with bungeni points ; margins much revolute, 
h, lft. to 2ft. 1837. (P. M. B. vi. 101, x, 51.) - 
HOVENIA (named after David Hoven, a senator of 
Amsterdam). ORD. Rhamneæœ. A monotypic genus, the 
species being an ornamental greenhouse or half-hardy 
evergreen shrub, which thrives well in a sandy-loam soil. 
Ripened cuttings will root in sand, under a hand glass. 
The Hovenia proves hardy in the more southern parts 
of this country, if slightly protected in winter. 
H., dulcis (sweet). M. white, small, in axillary and terminal di- 
chotomous panicles; peduncles sub-cylindrical, reflexed, smooth, 
lin. long, thickening after flowering, containing a sweet red pulp. 
_ Summer. J. alternate, broad, cordate, serrated. A. 8ft. China, 
Japan, and the Himalayas, 1812. The plant from the Himalayas 
is frequently called H. incequalis. (B. M. 2360.) 
HOWARDIA. A synonym of Pogonopus (which see). 
HOWEA (from Lord Howe’s Island, where only the 
genus is found). Sometimes spelt Howiea. Syn. Grise- 
bachia. ORD. Palmew. A genus comprising two species 
of stove palms. For culture, see Kentia. 
H. Belmoreana (Belmore’s).* Curly Palm. fl., inflorescence of 
a and thick, simple, nodding or pendulous spikes ; rachis with a 
triple spire of deeply-excavated notches, closely crowded, with 
raised margins. fr. oblong or ellipsoid, lin. to a long; the 
pericarp hard in the dried state. J. 6ft. to 8ft. long, with 
numerous acuminate segments. Stems attaining 35ft. in height. 
SYNS. Grisebachia Belmoreana, Kentia Belmoreana. 
H. Forsteriana (Forster’s).* Flat or Thatch Leaf Palm. This 
closely resembles above in the male flowers and fruits ; but the 
leaf segments are said to be always hanging, whilst in H. Bel- 
moreana they are converged upwards. Syn. Kentia Forsteriana. 
HOYA {named after Thomas Hoy, once gardener to 
the Duke of Northumberland, at Sion House). Honey 
Plant; Wax Flower. Including Centrostemma, Cyrtoceras, 
Otostemma, and Pterostelma. Syns. Schollia, Sperlingia. 
ORD. Asclepiadew. A genus comprising about fifty 
Species of very ornamental stove scandent or decumbent 
shrubs, natives of Western Asia, tropical and sub-tropical 
Australia, but found in the greatest abundance in the 
Malayan Archipelago. Flowers medium or large, rarely 
small; corolla rotate. Leaves opposite, fleshy or coriaceous. 
Hoyas are very interesting and beautiful plants, producing 
handsome wax-like flowers. Most of them succeed better 
in an intermediate temperature than where it is very hot. 
They are not so well adapted for training on rafters, or 
any dry surface, as on a wall, or in a position where 
more moisture is present, such as that of a warm green- 
house or stove. H. carnosa is a fine species, and the one 
most frequently grown. It sometimes becomes attached 
to a wall, like Ivy, and grows freely when planted out 
at the base. H. bella and H. Pastoni are slender-growing 
ts, requiring a little more heat. They are well adapted 
for culture in hanging baskets, or over pieces of dead 
tree fern, placed in the middle of pans. Propagation 
18 generally effected by cuttings, or by layers. H. bella, 
however, succeeds best when grafted on a stronger-grow- 
ing sort than it does on its own roots. Cuttings should 
be taken in spring, or later in the year, from shoots 
of the preceding summer’s growth, inserted in soil com- 
posed of peat dnd sand, and plunged in bottom heat, 
mside a frame or under a bell glass. A slight shade 
and careful watering will be necessary. When rooted, 
shift into lasger pots, using soil of a similar descrip- 
tion, and stop the points of the shoots when growth 
18 resumed. For propagation by layering, good-sized 
pieces should have a few of their leaves removed, 
Hoya— continued. 
and be layered in pots of soil until rooted. The 
plants may afterwards be grown on and repotted, ac- 
cording to their strength, in varions-sized pots, or any 
of the strong-growing species may be planted out in 
rather rough peaty soil, care being taken to render the 
drainage efficient. Hoyas do not require much shade, 
nor an atmosphere too closely confined. They should 
be allowed to rest in winter, by keeping rather drier and 
in a lower temperature. The flower stalks should not 
be cut off, as the flowers of the next year are produced 
on them, as well as on the young wood, when it is 
growing well. Sometimes, when plants attach themselves 
>to a moist wall, they do well even if the roots in the 
soil die away. The species described below are climbers, 
except where otherwise stated. 
H, australis (Southern).* j. white, tinged with pink, with a 
Honeysuckle-like scent ; disposed in deflexed umbels. October. 
l. obovate or sub-orbicular, —— green. 
and New South Wales, 1863. (B. M. 
H. bella (beautiful).* < waxy-white, with a rosy-crimson centre ; 
umbels many-flowered. l. small, opposite, dark green on the 
upper side. A, lyft. India, 1847. (B. M.'4402) H. Paxtons 
closely resembles this in — and appearance, but has less 
fleshy, more acuminate, ter green leaves, and pure white 
flowers with pink centres. — species are of a dwarf, shrubby 
slender habit, forming a drooping mass, _ 
Fig. 243. FLOWERING STEM OF HOYA CARNOSA. 
eshy).* x Flower. inkish-white ; corolla 
H. carnosa (i hadas du pas, on short peduncles ; 
— escent. Summer. /. fleshy, oval-oblong, acumina: 
poveye02, See Fig. 243. (B. M. 788, under name 
— arnosa). There is a form of this species with varie- 
gated leaves. See Fig. 244, oe 
H. cinnamomifolia (Cinnamon-leaved).* fl. large ; corolla pale 
yellow-green ; rotate segments broadly-ovate, acute; leaflets of 
6 crown deep purple blood-colour, ovate, acute, thick, 
fleshy. . l opposite, on short, very thick petioles, 2 
— peltate, acuminate, thick; three central nerves 
‘conspicuous, Stem long, branched, twining. A. 10ft. Java, 
IS. (B. M. 4347.) 
coriacea thery). brownish-yellow, produced in large 
— ome —— coriaceous, dark green. 
Manilla, 1838. (B. M. 4518.) * E 
coronaria ed). f. yellow. November. J. oval, acu 
= —— — aa beneath. Java, 1856. 3 
(B. M. 4969.) 
