174: 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Tlex— continued. 
it would otherwise be. It is not unusual to allow a 
long stem to run up, and form a tree at intervals along 
a Holly hedge. The red berries, contrasting with the 
dark green foliage throughout the winter, have a very 
pleasing appearance, and the branches are in great 
request for Christmas decorations. Propagation is usually 
effected by seeds, which require treatment similar to 
those of the Hawthorn, being collected when ripe in the 
autumn, and buried in sand until the following spring 
or antumn, when they may be sown in drills or beds 
and covered with lin. of soil. A few boughs, placed 
over the beds, will be very serviceable as a protection 
against frosts or the heat of the sun, which latter is 
injurious to the young Hollies. The plants may remain 
in the seed-beds for two years, and can then be trans- 
ferred into nursery rows lft. apart. After being trans- 
planted, they must stand for two years at least, when 
they will require to be again removed, to give them 
more space. The plants will then be about 1łft. or 
ift. high. The varieties can only be propagated by 
grafting, during March; and by budding, in May, with 
a pushing bud, or in August with a dormant one. 
_ Stocks for both purposes may be of the common sort, 
raised from seed. There are a number of varieties of 
far more horticultural value than the species. The 
variegated forms are particularly attractive. 
Fic. 269. ILEX AQUIFOLIUM. 3 
I. Aquifolium (prickly-leaved).* Common Holly. fl. sub-umbel- 
late; peduncles axillary, short; and many-flowered. May and 
June. Berries red, roundish. Z. ovate or oblong-acute, shining, 
waved, spiny-toothed. A. 10ft. to 40ft. Europe (Britain) and 
West Asia. See Fig. 269. From the bark of this, as well as 
_ Some other species, birdlime is obtained. 
= L Cassine (Cassine). jl. in clusters, nearly sessile, smooth. 
= May. l alternate, evergreen, lance-ovate or elliptical, crenate. 
= South United States, 1726. Shrub. The leaves are used for 
tea by the people along the coast, as they formerly were to 
A — the rated “ Black Drink” of the North Carolina 
‘Gane. ae 
chinensis (Chinese). /l 
ý corymbs pedunculate, dichotomous. 
È pungent teeth. 
ft. China, 1814. (B. M. 2043.) 
1 ).* Berries large. Z, hard, dark green, almost 
always ied with three strong spines at the end, which, in 
mature plants, assume the appearance of horns: when young, one 
or two more spines are added at each side, but these disappear in 
old plants. North China, 1850. A fine hardy Holly. See Fig. 270. 
(G. ©. 1850, p. SU Pe 
ae — 
I. c L, 
July. l. ovate-oblong; edge with little, cartilaginous, scarcely ° 
Tlex—continued. 
Fig. 270. ILEX CORNUTA, showing Habit, detached Flowering 
Branch, and Flower. 
I. D. myrtifolia (Myrtle-leaved). fl., peduncles slender, three 
to nine-flowered, or the more fertile shorter and one-flowered, 
smooth, May. J/. linear-lanceolate or linear-oblong, sparingly 
= oy serrate or entire. h. 6ft. South United States, 1806. 
rub. 
Fie. 271. BRANCHLET OF ILEX CRENATA VARIEGATA. 
* 
I. decidua (deciduous). fl., a of the sterile flowers 
longer than the oles, of the fertile ones short; calyx teeth 
smooth, acute. May. l. wedge-oblong or lance-obovate, obtusely 
serrate, downy on the midrib beneath, shining above. United 
States. Shrub. (W. D. B. ii. 115.) : 
Fig. 272. LEAF OF ILEX DIPYRENA. 
