Tlex—continued. 
I. dipyrena (two-seeded).* fl. small, sessile, disposed in axillary 
fascicles. April and May. Berries dark brown, two-seeded. 
l. eHliptical-oblong, mucronate, on short stalks, even, hardly wavy, 
remotely spiny-serrated. Branchlets angular. h. 12ft. North 
India, 1840, . See Fig. 272. (B. F. F. 15.) 
I. glabra (smooth). Inkberry. fl., peduncles of the sterile 
flowers three to six-flowered, of the fertile ones one-flowered ; 
calyx teeth rather blunt. June. 1. wedge-lanceolate or oblong, 
sparingly toothed towards the apex, smooth. A. 2ft. to 3ft. 
oe America, 1759. Shrub. Syn. Prinos glaber. (L. B. C. 
I. Gongonha (Gongonha). fl. pentandrous, with entire stigma. 
l. elliptic, mucronate, spiny-toothed, rounded at base. h. 30ft. 
Brazil. This species is employed as tea in its native country. 
I. levigata (smooth). /. six-cleft. June. J. lanceolate or 
oblong-lanceolate, pointed at both ends, appressed-serrulate, 
shining above, mostly glabrous beneath. A. 4ft. North America 
Shrub. Syn. Prinos lævigatus. (W. D. B. i, 28.) 
I. latifolia (broad-leaved).* fl., pedicels aggregate, longer than 
the petiole, and rising above the axils of the leaves. J. ovate, 
bluntish, serrated, shining above, with revolute edges. R. 20ft. 
Japan, 1840. (B. M. 5597.) 
I. mollis (soft). /l., sterile ones very numerous, in umbel-like 
clusters, the pedicels shorter than the petiole, and (with the 
calyx) soft-downy ; the fertile peduncles very short, J. soft, 
downy beneath, oval, ovate, or oblong, taper-pointed at both 
ends, especially at the apex, thin-znembranaceous, sharply ser- 
rulate. North America. Shrub. Syn. Prinos dubius. 
I. monticola (mountain). jl., fertile ones very short-peduncled ; 
calyx ciliate. May. l. ovate or lance-oblong, ample, taper- 
pointed, thin-membranaceous, smooth, sharply serrate. North 
America. Shrub. 4 
I. opaca (shady).* American Holly. fl, in loose clusters along 
the base of the young branches and in the axils; calyx 
teeth acute. May and June. J. oval, flat; the wavy margins 
furnished with scattered spiny teeth. A. 20ft. to 40ft. United 
States, 1744. (W. D. B. i. 3.) 
paraguariensis (Paraguay). Brazilian Tea; Caa-Cuys; 
Caa-Mini ; Caa-Quazu ; Paraguay Tea. Jl., peduncles axillary ; 
many-parted. Z. obovate, oblong, bluntish, remotely serrated. 
h. 15ft. Paraguay, 1 A greenhouse evergreen tree. „The 
dried leaves of this species furnish the Yerba de Maté, or 
Paraguay Tea, of which enormous quantities are consumed in 
South America. (B. M. 3992.) . 
I. platyphylla (broad-leaved). fl., corolla lobes concave, 
— — Goa than the lobes; pedicels with two 
small bracts below the middle, thickened upwards ; cyme many- 
flowered, longer than the thickened petioles. May. l. ex- 
tremely variable in size and shape, generally broadly ovate, ap- 
proaching orbicular, thick, coriaceous, quite entire. h., 20ft. 
. Canary Islands, 1844. A hardy evergreen, pyramidal tree. (B. M, 
4079.) 
L 
I. verticillata (whorled). Black Alder; Winterberry. fl. all 
very shortly peduncled. May and June. l. obovate, oval, or 
wedge-lanceolate, pointed, acute at the base, serrate, downy on 
the veins beneath. h. 6ft. North America, 1756. Shrub. SYN. 
Prinos verticillatus. (W. D. B. i. 30.) 
VARIETIES. The varieties of I. Aquifolium are ex- 
tremely varied in character, marking, and form. Those 
enumerated below are the most serviceable and gene- 
rally grown. For most of the descriptions, we are 
indebted to Mr. T. Moore’s synopsis, which appeared 
in the “ Gardeners’ Chronicle.” The list is here divided 
into two sections. 
I. Green-leaved Varieties. 
I. A. Balearic).* jl, umbels axillary, few-flowered, 
short. May to AS te S ovate, acute, shining, flat, entire or 
spiny-toothed, h. 10ft. Minorca, 1815. 
FIG. 273. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM BESSONI. 
lat 
I. A. Bessoni (Besson’s). l. obovate-lanc > 
less rigid in texture and lighter green in colour 
varieties. See Fig. 273. - a te. olin. i 
L A. costata (ribbed). Grecian Holly. J. oblong-acute, 2}in. long, 
liin. broad, — with slightly divaricate somewhat distant 
spines. Distinct and free-growing- 
— pineless, 
than most other 
AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. ; 
— 
Tlex—continued. 
Fig. 274. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM CRASSIFOLIA. 
I. A. crassifolia (thick-leaved). 1. dull green, very thick, with 
recurved tips and margins, furnished with prominent saw-like 
teeth. A slow-growing, dwarf, bushy variety, with purple bark, 
See Fig. 274. 
Fic. 275, LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM DONINGTONENSIS. 
Doningtonensis (Donington’s). l. lanceolate, sometimes 
turned to one side, so as to become sickle-shaped, about 2in. long 
and jin. broad; margin having a few, or sometimes no spines. 
A distinct variety, of free pyramidal growth. See Fig. 275. 
(G. C. n. s., ii. 687.) 
FIG. 276. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM FEROX. 
I. A. ferox (tierce). Hedgehog Holly. 1. ovate-oblong — narrowly- 
ovate, 2in. or more long, m! , with strongly 
divaricate marginal spines. The convex spiny surface of the 
green leaves is its chinf characteristic. Bark purple. See Fig. 276. 
‘oxii % l. ovate, } stoutish, in. to 2hin. long, with 
— ana, F + “ plane, freely-developed spines. A small- 
growing form. (G. C. n. s.. ii. 751.) 
Fic. 277. LEAF OF ILEX AQUIFOLIUM HENDERSONT. 
A. hastata (halbert-shaped).* l. from jin. to Uin. long, abont sin. 
p OE spines large, very prominent, consisting usually of one or 
two pairs on each side at the base, but occasionally more, the 
