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ee 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Jacobinia—continued. 
and Bolivia as far as Mexico. Flowers often yellow, 
red or golden, rarely pale or rose. Leaves opposite, 
entire. For culture, see Justicia (to which the genus 
is allied). 
J. aurea (golden). This is the correct name of the plant described 
in this work under the name of Cyrtanthera catalpefolia. 
J. carnea (flesh-coloured). fl. flesh-coloured ; thyrse compact ; 
bracts and sepals ovate-lanceolate. August and September. 
i. on rather long petioles, ovate-acuminate. h. 6ft. Rio Janeiro, 
1827. (B. M: B: R , under name of Justicia carnea.) 
J. pusyueatephans (golden-crowned). This is the correct name 
of the plant described in this work as Cyrtanthera chrysostephana. 
J. coccinea (scarlet). M. scarlet; spikes terminal; helmet 
lanceolate, reflexed at the end; stigma of two plates. February. 
1. elliptical. A. 5ft. South America, 1770. (B. M. 432, under 
name of Justicia coccinea.) 
J. Ghiesbre (Ghiesbreght’s).* ji. scarlet, in terminal 
panicles. Winter. Z. bright green, glabrous, ovate-lanceolate, 
entire. h. lft. tol}ft. Mexico, 1843. (R. G. 97b, under name of 
Sericographis Ghiesbreghtiana.) A very handsome winter-flowering 
decorative plant. 
J. Lindeni (Linden’s). fl. orange-yellow, disposed in showy 
terminal heads. l. oval-acuminate, glabrous. Stem smooth, 
Mexico, 1870. (R. H. 1870, 250, under name of Justicia Lindeni.) 
JACOB'S LADDER. See Polemonium ceruleum. 
J. UEMONTIA (named after Victor Jacquemont, 
1801-1832, a French naturalist, and traveller in the 
East Indies). ORD. Convolvulacee. This genus com- 
prises about thirty-six species of stove twining or 
prostrate herbs or sub-shrubs, one being a native of 
tropical Africa, and the rest tropical American. Flowers 
blue, white, or rarely violet, sometimes loosely or densely 
cymose, sometimes capitate, rarely solitary or loosely 
“racemose. Leaves entire, often cordate, rarely dentate 
or lobed. The species here described are, perhaps, the 
only ones yet introduced. For culture, see Ipomeea. 
J. canescens (hoary). fl. blue, in dense-flowered pedunculate 
cymes; sepals oblong, obtuse. June and July. Z. oblong- 
cordate, on lon, es. h, 6ft. Bogota, 1846. Plant downy, 
scabrous, (B. 7, 27, under name of Ci loulus ca ) 
J. violacea (violet). /l. pale blue, sessile; peduncles umbelled, 
five-flowered. July to ber. l. oblong-cordate, acuminate, 
1808. (B. M. 2151, 
_ sub-repand, . h. 6ft. Mexico to s 
under name of Convolvulus pentanthus.) — 
. JACQUINIA (named in honour of Nicholas Joseph 
de Jacquin, 1727-1817, an eminent botanist, fessor 
of Botany at Leyden). ORD. Myrsineæ. A genus com- 
green shrubs, natives of tropical America, allied to 
Theophrasta. Flowers white, yellow, or purplish, ter- 
minal, racemose, or solitary ; corolla campanulate. Leaves 
scattered, obtuse or verticillate, quite entire, with revolute 
edges, crowded at the tops of the branches. The species 
thrive in a compost of sandy peat, to which may be added 
a small quantity of fibry loam. Increased, during summer, 
by cuttings of ripened shoots, placed in sand, in a moist 
bottom heat, and covered with a bell glass. 
J. armillaris (bracelet). f. white, racemose or rather corym- 
bose. June. /. cuneate-spathulate or obovate-oblong, obtuse or 
retuse, sometimes mucronulate, nearly veinless ; margins some- 
what revolute. West Indies, &c., 1768. Shrub or tree. This 
— is knovn by the West Indian settlers as Bracelet-wood, 
e shiny brown and yellow seeds being made into bracelets. 
J. aurantiaca (orange-flowered). A. orange, racemose, April to 
September. J. obovate-lanceolate, acuminated, ending in a 
pungent t. Branches sub-verticillate. h. 3ft. to 6ft. Sand- 
wich Isles, 1796. (B. M. 1639.) 
JAGGED. Cut in a coarse manner. ; 
JALTOMATA. A synonym of Saracha (which see). 
JAMAICA EBONY. See Brya Ebenus. ` 
JAMAICA PEPPER. A name given to Allspice, 
Pimenta vulgaris (which see). 
&. Now included under Eugenia (which see). 
BSIA (named after Dr. Edwin James, an 
botanist, who first discovered the plant). ORD. 
Á A monotypic genus, the species being a very 
once Professor 
prising about five or six species of very pretty stove ever- | 
Jamesia—continued. 
pretty hardy shrub. It thrives well in any ordinary garden 
soil, if such is perfectly drained. Increased by seeds; 
or by cuttings of ripened shoots, placed in sandy loam. 
J. americana (American). fi. white, about żin. in diameter, dis- 
posed in terminal paniculate cymes. June. J. opposite, serrated. 
Rocky Mountains, Colorado, 1865. A very neat dwarf-growing 
plant. (B. M. 6142.) 
JAMESIA (of Nees). 
meria (which see). 
JAMESONIA (named after Dr. William Jameson, 
Professor of Botany at Quito). ORD. Filices. A mono- 
typic genus. The species is a greenhouse fern. Sori 
oblong, placed on the flabbelate veins on the back of the 
pinnæ, remote from the edge. For culture, see Ferns. 
J.. imbricata (imbricated). rhiz. woody, creeping, black, tor- 
tuose. sti. wiry, slender, 3in. to 4in. long. fronds 6in. to 18in. 
long, two to three lines broad, pinnate ; pinne close, roundish, 
often spreading horizontally ; edge much incurved. Andes, from 
New Grenada to Peru. 
JANIPHA. See Manihot. 
JAPAN CEDAR. See Cryptomeria. 
JAPAN MEDLAR. See Photinia japonica. 
JASIONE (derived from a name applied by Theo- 
phrastus to the Convolvulus). Sheep’s Scabious. ORD. 
Campanulacee. A genus (about twelve 'species have 
been described) of, hardy herbaceous plants, from tem- 
perate Europe and the Mediterranean regions. Flowers 
collected into terminal bracteated heads; corolla blue, 
rarely white, deeply five-parted; anthers combined into 
a tube at the base. Leaves alternate, narrow. The 
species form very pretty little subjects for the rock 
garden. They thrive best in a somewhat sandy soil. 
The perennials are propagated by sowing seed during 
the autumn, and by divisions; the annuals by seeds, 
which require to be sown in March. 
J. montana (mountain). 7. pale blue, sometimes white, disposed 
in globose heads; peduncles naked. Summer. L lanceolate, 
hhiry. Stem erect, simple. A. 6in. to 12in, Europe 
(Britain). Annual. (Sy. En. B. 683.) The sea-side form of this 
species (littoralis) is generally biennial. 
A synonym of Stephano- 
1 ones obovate; cauline _oblong-linear, : — i 
t, Siinple: h. 1ft. Western Europe, 1187. An elegant 
ot Cine y Gr ana = 
 JASMINAN NTHES. IES. A synonym of Stephanotis 
(which see). — 
JASMINE. See Jasminum. : 
JASMINEZ. A tribe of Oleacezx (which see). 
JASMINUM (its Arabic name). Jasmine. One, and 
by far the most important, of the three genera forming 
the TRIBE Jasminee of ORD. Oleacee. About 120 
species have been described: they are stove, green- 
hoise, or hardy, evergreen or deciduous shrubs, usually 
of trailing habit. Flowers showy, often very fragrant; 
corolla white or yellow, salver-shaped. Leaves opposite 
or rarely alternate, trifoliolate, impari-pinnate, or simple. 
Jasminums are well-known and very popular plants, on 
account of their elegant habit, and the perfume emitted 
by the flowers of many. species. They may all be pro- 
pagated from cuttings of firm wood. The tender species 
should be inserted in sandy or peaty soil, and placed 
under a hand glass, in heat; the hardy sorts succeed in a 
similar inclosure, withont, heat. J. gracillimum is an 
excellent winter-flowering, stove or warm greenhouse plant, 
well adapted for cultivation in pots or hanging baskets. 
J. Sambac may be similarly treated, but its double form 
is of somewhat straggling growth, and does best when 
planted out and trained to a pillar. The flowers of these 
species are white, and highly fragrant. J. grandiflorum 
is a fine warm greenhouse species, and J. nudiflorum, 
J. officinale, and J. revolutum merit special notice for 
covering walls, arbours, &c., outside. . Hardy Jasmines 
thrive in any fairly good garden soil; the stove and green- 
æ 
