212 
THE DICTIONARY 
OF GARDENING, 
Juniperus—continued. 
J. chinensis (Chinese).* Z. ternate or opposite, linear, flat, acute, 
and spreading, or small, scale-like, and closely imbricated. China, 
1804. A very handsome shrub or tree, of erect or elongated 
pona habit, with short branches and dimorphous foliage. 
e female and male plants are distinct, both in habit and 
aspect. The male is the more desirable, and is much more 
generally grown; it has numerous branches, the higher ones 
ascending, or nearly erect, and all very much ramified. The 
female plant has the branches longer, more distant, and more 
spreading, than those of the male; the small berries are of a 
brownish-violet colour. (S. Z. F. J. ii. 126, 127.) The varieties of 
this species are numerous. 
J. c. al ta (white-variegated). A pretty form, differ- 
; ing from the male typa in having the foliage interspersed with 
silvery-white among the ordinary n wth, and in having 
many of the terminal shoots pure white. Japan. 
J. c. aurea (golden). A very beautiful and distinct form, of 
garden — differing from the type in being suffused with 
bright gold, which it retains all the year round, and which is 
heightened by full exposure to the sun. 
J. c. densata (dense). According to Messrs. R. Smith and Co., 
this is a female form, and has somewhat the appearance of the 
es, but the leaves are larger and more plentiful. The main 
grows upright, and all the branchlets, which are very 
humerous, are more or less pendulous. This variety forms a 
dense pyramidal growth, and is very ornamental. A. 10ft. to 20ft. 
Himalayas. 
J. c. japonica (Japanese).* Z. arranged in threes, close set, at 
first acicular, but ultimately scale-like, distinctly marked with 
two silvery glaucous lines above. Stem usually divided, but 
compact-growing shrub, very desirable for rock work. 
J. c, j. aurea (golden). A very —— form, having the 
growth of the current season tinged with golden-yellow, which 
gradually changes to light green. Primary branches few, robust, 
and comparatively long : 
Fig. 352. JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS HIBERNICA, showing Habit, 
Fruiting Branchlet, and Young Female Cone, 
Two other forms, described by Smith, are: glauca (glaucous), 
a — — form, having the foliage of a glaucous or bluish tint; 
and Leeana (Lee’s), which has leaves about żin. long, and forms a 
_densely-branched and vigorous-growing shrub. 
_ J, communis (common).* Common Juniper. l. subulate, rigid, 
; — — and opposite, or in threes, usually glau- 
cous above and green below. +. 3ft, to 20ft., varying according to 
the elevation oe! E t fond. Northern — here — 
ot this species, nicely furnis wi 
irable plants. The wood is finely-veined, 
plour, and has ——— scent. we 
$ the most part, well wo owing. e 
following ¢ mention : r 
is (Canadian). A dwarf spreading bush of inelegant 
= exceeding 3ft.in height. Northern United States, 
J. c. compressa (compressed). A very compact-growing variety, 
having a conical form, and slender. ph an gi branchlets, 
which grow close together. h. lft. to 3ft. This is one of the 
smallest of Conifers ; the very diminutive size of the t render- 
ing it interesting. It is found on the Pyrenees at a great eleyation. 
o aM en rel Oor — —— ee ne 
S wing Y: -clothed w eaves, sometimes ha 
_ fhe terminal branchlets pendulous. A. 12ft. to laf, Poland. > 
growing form than the type, and somewhat resembling the Irish 
IJ. c, hibernica (Irish).* Irish Juniper. A well-known and desir- 
sometimes single. h. 2ft. Japan and North China, A small and 
c. fastigiata (pyramidal). Swedish — A more erect- 
Juniperus—continued. 
Juniper, but more robust in growth, and with foliage more glau- 
cous, and of a light green. In habit, it is either columnar or 
angular, and is not usually considered very ornamental. SYN 
J. c. suecica. 
J. c. he: lf globe-headed). J. short, rigid, needle- 
shaped, in threes, glaucous. South Europe. A curious and 
interesting little shrub, with a dense rounded habit. SYN. 
J. echiniformis. 
able variety, with a somewhat columnar habit of growth, and a 
peculiar silvery - glaucous appearance; the branches are erect, 
with numerous, rigid, close-set branchlets. It is the handsomest 
of all the varieties of J. communis, and thrives best on cool clay 
or t soils, SYN. J. stricta. See Fig. 352. There is a form 
with prettily-variegated leaves. 
J. c. nana (dwarf). A pretty dwarf procumbent shrub, with short 
branches and branchlets, covered with shorter, bi er, imbri- 
cated, incurved leaves, glaucous above and green be: . Alpine 
parts of Europe, &c. SYN. J. nana, H 4 
J. c, oblonga (oblong - fruited). A procumbent shrub, with 
slender branches and branchlets, clothed with long, attenuated 
leaves, which are of a deeper and brighter colour t the type. 
Caucasus. This variety rarely thrives well in England. It is 
very distinct as regards the colour of its foliage, and it sometimes 
takes an erect habit. SYN. J. oblonga. 
J. c. suecica (Swedish). A synonym of J. ¢. fastigiata. 
tr 
Syria, &c., 1854. 
and is particulari 
J. dumosa (brambly). A synonym of J. recurva squamata. 
J. echiniformis (hedgehog-like). A synonym of J. communis 
hemispherica. : T Ex 
J. excelsa (tall).* Z. opposite or (rarely) in threes, thick, decur- 
rent, loosely im ER y having a greyish-green hue. Branches 
short, much ramified. 20ft. t. Asia Minor, 1806. A 
compact-growing and very distinct ornamental tree, having a 
pyramidal sha 
J. e, stricta (upright).* This variety differs from the type princi- 
