284 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Liparis—continued. 
hairs, those below are coral-red; the fifth and sixth seg- 
ments are humped above. 
thorn, and is very common in England. 
L. chrysorrhea (Brown-tail Moth) is pure white Gee 
Fig. 448), with a large tuft of brown hairs at the tip of 
the abdomen, used for covering over the eggs when laid. 
The larva is black, with warty tubercles, emitting tufts of 
snow-white hairs, on the second and on the fifth to 
twelfth segments, and on ‘the tenth and eleventh segments 
are scarlet cup-shaped spots in the middle of the back 
(see Fig. 449). It feeds on fruit-trees, Hawthorn, 
Oak, &e. 
L. dispar (Gipsy Moth). In this species, the males (see 
- FIG. 450, LIPARIS DISPAR (MALE). 
Fig. 450) are dark brown, the upper wings with zigzag 
darker markings, and a central spot. The females (see 
Fic. 451. LIPARIS DISPAR (FEMALE), 
ig 51) ine much larger and heavier, with dingy white 
R darker belts. The larva is black, 
Fie 452. CATERPILLAR OF LIPARIS SALICIS (SATIN MOTH). 
netted with grey; there is a grey median dorsal line, 
and each segment bears two dark blood-coloured dorsal 
tubercles, and four grey ones on the sides: It feeds 
on Hawthorn, Blackthorn, Plums, Apples, &c., and in 
f 
i 
It feeds chiefly on Haw- | 
Liparis—continued. 
L. monacha (Black Arches), like the last, shows a 
marked inequality in size of male and of female, and, 
like it, is often most hurtful to trees on the Continent— 
Oak, Birch, &c., but more especially to conifers, from 
which it often strips the leaves. The species is rare 
in Britain. . 
L. salicis (Satin Moth). The wings of this moth are 
satiny-white; the body is black, but covered with long 
white hairs. The larva (see Fig. 452) bears a row of 
white spots down the middle of the back, bordered on 
each side by a broad black stripe, in which lie eleven 
red tubercles; sides grey, with red tubercles. The larvæ 
usually feed on Poplars and Willows, but, at times, also 
on other trees. 
Hand-picking and beating appear to be the best methods 
to limit the numbers of all the species. 
LIPOSTOMA. A synonym of Coccocypselum. 
LIPPIA (named in honour of Augustus Lippi, a French 
physician and traveller in Abyssinia). Including Aloysia 
and Zapania. ORD. Verbenacee. A large genus (almost 
ninety species) of stove or greenhouse, glabrous, pilose, 
tomentose, pubescent, or hirsute, shrubs or sub-shrubs, 
rarely herbs, mostly American, a few being found in 
Africa, and two broadly dispersed over the warmer regions 
of the globe. Flowers small, solitary, sessile, in the axils 
of the bracts. Leaves opposite or ternately whorled, 
rarely alternate, entire, toothed, or lobed, flat or rugose. 
But few of the species are in cultivation. They require 
a rich light soil. Cuttings of the young shoots will root 
readily in sandy soil, in any close, warm frame. 
mi other. R. 3ft. Chili, k 
Greenhouse (hardy in the South of E „ Tie keds ot 
this species emit a delightful hen bruised. SYNS. 
when 
citriodora, Verbena triphylla (B. M. 36 
L. nodiflora (node-flowered). i. white or purple; heads dense, 
globose, on axillary peduncles. May to September. (. obovate, 
oblong, or lanceolate, rough, be gp rag and entire below the 
middle, serrate above, lin. long. A. 6in. to12in. North America. 
Half-hardy. SYN. Zapania nodiflora. 
reptans (creeping). jl. white, red; heads ovoid-globose, at 
length oblong. June. I. spathulate, serrate above, penninerved, 
lin. to 12in. long. h. lit. uth America, 1847. Greenhouse. 
LIQUIDAMBAR (from liquidus, liquid, and ambar, 
amber; referring to the gum, called liquid storax, pro- 
duced by this genus). ORD. Hamamelidee. A genus 
of about four species of ornamental, balsam-bearing, 
deciduous trees, natives of the Levant, North America, 
and China, with catkins of monoecious flowers, which 
are surrounded by a four-leaved, deciduous involucre ; 
male catkins conical or sub-globular; females sub-globular, 
surrounded by scales. Leaves alternate, slender, petio- 
late, stipuled. The species principally grown is L. 
styraciflua, the leaves of which, according. to Loudon, 
are very fragrant at all seasons, “but in spring, when 
they are unfolding, after a warm shower, the surround- 
ing air is filled with their refreshing odour.” Liquidambars 
thrive best in a moist loamy soil, and in a sheltered 
situation. Propagated freely by layers, which may be 
taken off at the end of the first autumn after they 
have been formed. Imported seeds (of the two species 
described below), allowed to remain in the catkins until 
the time of sowing, will be quite a year germinating. 
The seedlings usually attain a height of from 6in. to 
1 and may be transplanted out that year or the 
next. 
L. imberbe (beardless). Z. 5 i 
e 
Levant, 1759. A large bush, of slow growth, with numerous small 
head. i 
branches crowded together into an irre; It a 
shrubby habit than I. styraciflua.. SYN. b. orientalis. ph da oa 
L. orientalis (Eastern). A synonym of . imberbe. 
styraciflua (storax-flowing).* Sweet Gum. greenish- 
yellow, Spring. l. palmately lobed, with the 5 the hase 
