* 
AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 319 
Malpighia—continued. 
furrowed, of a dark purple colour when ripe. Z linear-lanceolate, 
acute, beset on both surfaces with decumbent stinging bristles. 
Branches smooth. h. Tft. 1737. Shrub. (L. B. C. 321.) 
M. aquifolia (Holly-leaved). fl. pale blush or pink; peduncles 
axillary, solitary or twin, two-flowered. August. L. lanceolate, 
with spiny teeth, beset with decumbent stinging bristles beneath. 
Branches smooth, h, 7ft. 1759. Shrub. See Fig. 506. 
M. coccifera (berry-bearing). ff. pale blush or pink; peduncles 
axillary, solitary, furnished with two small scales at their middle. 
June to August. J. obovate or roundish, with spiny teeth, 
smooth, shining. h, 2ft. 1733. A small bushy shrub, thickly. 
beset with Box-like leaves. 
M. glabra (glabrous), Barbados Cherry. H. rose-coloured or 
bright purple; peduncles axillary, umbellate. March to Septem- 
ber. fr. red, round and smooth, about the size and shape of a 
cherry, haying one or more furrows on the outside, and con- 
taining a reddish pulp. J. ovate, quite entire, smooth, shining. 
R. 16ft. 1757. is tree is cultivated in all the West Indian 
Islands, and in many parts of the mainland of South America, for 
its fruits, which are esteemed there, but are much inferior to our 
cherries. (B. M. 813.) 
M. nitida (shining). f. pink; peduncles umbellately racemose, 
axillary and terminal. March to July. J. lanceolate, acute, quite 
entire, smooth, shining. A. luft. 1733. A beautiful shrub. 
M. punicifolia (Pomegranate-leaved). fl. rose, on axillary, one- 
flowered peduncles. July. fr. about the size and shape of a 
cherry, very succulent, and of a pleasant, rather acid, taste. 
l. ovate, quite entire, smooth. A. 8ft. 1690. A shrub having the 
appearance of the Pomegranate. 
M. urens (stinging). Cowhage, or Cow Itch Cherry. f. pink or 
pale purple; peduncles one-flow aggregate, one-half shorter 
than the leaves; petals equal. June to October. Jr. edible. 
l. oblong-ovate, clothed with decumbent bristles beneath, smooth 
above. Branches smooth. A. 3ft. to 6ft. 1737. Shrub. 
MALPIGHIACEZ. An order of often climbing 
trees or shrubs, principally inhabiting Brazil and Guiana. 
Flowers yellow or red, rarely white or blue; inflores- 
cence indefinite, often terminal, racemose, corymbose or 
umbellate, or paniculate. Leaves generally opposite 
(petiole jointed to the stem), entire, flat (rarely alter- 
nate or whorled, sessile, sinuate-toothed or lobed, margins 
recurved); petiole or under surface or margin of the 
leaf often glandular; stipules usually geminate at the 
base of the petiole, rarely united into a sheath. There 
are about forty-nine genera and 600 species. Examples: 
Banisteria, Bunchosia, Galphimia, Gaudichaudia, and 
Malpighia. 
MALUS. Included under Pyrus (which see). 
MALVA (the old Latin name for a Mallow, used 
by Pliny and Virgil, altered from the Greek Malachi, a 
Mallow, which is probably derived from malacho, to 
soften; referring to its emollient qualities). Mallow. 
ORD. Malvacee. This genus comprises about sixteen 
species of mostly hardy, annual, biennial, or perennial, 
hirsute or glabrous herbs, indigenous to South Europe, 
temperate Asia, and Northern Africa. Flowers axillary, 
solitary or fasciculate, sessile or pedunculate, or rarely in 
terminal racemes; petals purplish-rose or white, never 
yellow, emarginate, very rarely denticulate. Leaves often 
angulate, lobed or dissected. Few of the species are worth 
growing, the plants being generally of a coarse and 
weedy growth. The exceptions are of easy culture in 
any moderately good garden soil. The perennial species 
may be increased by seeds, or by cuttings; and the 
annuals by seeds only. 
pu about 2in. ac in 
„ Š paree ng 1 5 5 4 palmate, with 
incised divisions, light green, downy. Ah. Aft. Europe, &c., 1797. 
Perennial. . M. 2197.) 7 oe SR 
M. A. (fastigiate).* N. 7 y ober. J., Iower 
tely five-cleft, with the lobes 
oot Sey hae og Aa 
(B. M. 2785). 
M. Creeana (Cree’s). A synonym of Malvastrum coccinewm 
: grossularicefolium. 
. white, purple at the tip, axi a 
M. crispa (curled). f. w y pale T aE 
sessile or nearly so. June. , toothed, curle 
Stem erect, ht 2ft. to 6ft. 1573. Annual. Perhaps a native of 
China; it occurs in many countries in a naturalised state. 
M. involucrata (involucrate). A synonym of Callirhoe involu- 
Malva continued. 
M. lateritia (brick-coloured). A synonym of Malvastrum lateri- 
ium. F 
M. mauritiana (Mediterranean). fl. deep purple ; pedicels axil- 
lary, numerous, one-flowered. June. 1. tive-lobed, obtuse. Stem 
erect. h. Aft. to bft. South Europe, 1768. Annual. (S. F. G. 81.) 
M. Morenii (Moreni’s). A synonym of M. Aleea fastigiata. 
M. moschata (musk).* Musk Mallow. fi. rose, about ein. 
across, disposed in terminal and axillary clusters. Summer. 
l., lower ones kidney-shaped, cut; upper ones with five deeply 
pinnatifid, jagged segments. h. 2ft. to 2}ft. Europe (Britain). 
A handsome perennial, of which there is a form with pure 
white flowers. (B. M. 2298.) 
M. Munroana (Munro’s). A synonym of Malvastrum Munro- 
anum, 
MALVACEZ. An order of herbs, ‘shrubs, or trees, 
with light and soft wood, dispersed through all the 
regions of the earth except the Arctic. Flowers 
| variously coloured, commonly violet, purplish, pink, or 
yellow, often showy; peduncles axillary and one-flowered, 
or disposed in racemes, fascicles, or panicles; calyx 
with an involucel of whorled bracts; petals five, hypo- 
gynous. Leaves alternate, simple, usually palminerved, 
entire or palmilobed; hairs usually stellate. An emol- 
lient mucilage abounds in most of the species; some 
contain free acids, and are employed as refreshing 
drinks. There are about fifty-nine genera and 700 
species. Well-known genera are: Abutilon, Althea, 
Bombaæ, Gossypium, Hibiscus, Lagunaria, and Malwa. 
MALVASTRUM (name altered from Mawa). ORD. 
| Malvacee. This genus contains about sixty: species of 
, greenhouse or hardy herbs, natives, chiefly, of America. 
Flowers scarlet, golden, or yellow, shortly pedunculate 
or sub-sessile, disposed in axillary or terminal spikes. 
Leaves variable, entire, heart-shaped, or partite. In all 
probability, the species here described are the only ones 
now in cultivation. For culture, see Malva. 
M. campanulatum (bell-shaped). fl. light purplish-rose, about 
e. 
Zin. in diameter, in a long, loose, terminal 4 
summer. (. large, deeply lobed ; lobes twice sub-divided. Stem 
and leaves covered with short thin down. A. lft. to Ia ft. Chili, 
1839. Greenhouse perennial. 2 8 
M. coccineum (scarlet). jl. scarlet. July to September. l very 
cesious. Stem very ee N. bin. e 1811. H $ 
aol Cristaria coccinea (under which name it is figured in B. M. 
). 
M. c. T . red, July to 
October. J., upper ones trilobate, central lobe elongated ; lower 
less deeply lobed ; petiole somewhat flattened above, hairy, like 
stem. Branches clothed with harsh stellate hairs. h. 2ft. United 
States, 1835. (B. M. 3698, under name of Malva Creeana.) 
M. Gilliesii (Gillies’). H. bright red, lin. or more in diameter. 
Summer. J. palmatifid. h. he Extra-tropical South America. 
Syn. Modiola geranioides. te os. Lane 
M. lateritium (brick-coloured). H. brick-red, handsome, on long 
peduncles. yt nian of 62525 & five-lo h, bin. South 
America, 1840. A prostrate, hirsute, hardy perennial. 
Maiva lateritia. : j 
M. Munroanum (Munro's). f. reddish-pink, tinged with lightish- 
brown ; pedicels oa or two, from the 1 leaves, in the axils, 
to 
SYN. 
each bearing one or more flowers ; calyx ny. June. l alter- 
nate, distant, cordate, 3 em oo * 
agai te-lobed, downy. Stems 
ee ee Hedy. G. M. 3537 and B. R. 1506, under name 
of Malva Munroand.) 
MALVAVISCUS (from Malva, Mallow, and viscus, 
glue; referring to the mucilage with which it abounds), 
Syn. Achania. ORD. Malvacee. A genus comprising 
about six species of greenhouse evergreen shrubs or 
small trees, mostly hispid, natives of tropical America 
and Mexico. Flowers red, often pedunculate; petals 
erecto-connivent or spreading upwards; calyx five-fid. 
Leaves entire, toothed, or angularly lobed. The species 
thrive best in a compost of fibry peat and loam. Propa- 
gated by cuttings of side shoots, placed under a bell 
glass, in heat. 
arboreus (tree-like). f. scarlet, large; leaves of involuce 
bpp tat eet È TS iy three to five-lobed, acuminated, 
roughish. A. 12ft. West Indies, 1714. Shrub. (B. M. 2305, 
name of Achania Malvaviscus.) 
